Functions of Management Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Functions of Management Paper - Essay Example All of these functions play their roles in making an organization achieve all goals efficiently. Let us discuss each of these functions in some detail in order to know the role that they play in the success of an organization. Planning Planning holds great importance in the process of management. It means recognizing organizational or personal goals and developing proper strategies to meet those goals. In context of organizations, planning not only includes setting goals for the future but also includes development of strategies and tactics to meet those goals. Managers cannot achieve desired goals and objectives without planning. For proper planning, managers need to consider many factors, such as, assessment of organizational environment, availability of resources, future trends of the market, assessment of customers’ demands, and proper use of capital. In the organization where I work, there are many kinds of planning which managers do for the success of the organization. S ome of those types of planning include marketing planning, sales planning, and project planning. Marketing planning means to develop suitable strategies for the marketing of the company’s products and services. In marketing planning, managers consider 4Ps of the marketing mix to develop a proper marketing plan. In sales planning, managers assess all aspects of the target market and the sales promotion strategies to develop a proper sales plan for the products. In case of project planning, managers take a close look at different aspects of the project to do effective planning. For project planning, managers consider due date of the project, available resources, and effective use of human resource and technology to meet the targets. Tatum (2011) states, â€Å"Like any type of business planning, project planning is about gaining the most benefit while making the wisest use of available resources†. Proper planning provides many benefits to the organizations, such as, avoid ance of confusions, completion of tasks within deadlines, reduction of risks, and correct use of resources. Organizing Organizing is the second function of management, which means to organize different activities. Once managers are done with planning to do something, the need for organizing arises. Managers need to bring together all resources in such a way that they work in collaboration with each other to achieve desired goals. The function of organizing includes many core activities, such as, identifying the resources, arranging required resources, classifying the resources, communicating goals to employees, assigning tasks to employees based on their skills, and delegating the authorities. A manager needs to be skilled in the function of organizing. It is important because no work can be done up to the level of perfection without proper organization of activities. In my organization, managers of all departments organize their sets of activities in a logical manner in order to co ntribute to the success of the organization. The activities of arranging required resources and providing those resources to the employees for the completion of tasks also come under the function of organizing. Managers organize the workplace properly in order to ensure workplace productivity and organizational success. â€Å"Without an organized workplace, employees will see a manager as unprepared† (Rothbauer-Wanish, 2009). Therefore, a manager needs to be organized personally and professionally in order to put a good impact on the

Yasukuni Shrine Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Yasukuni Shrine - Research Paper Example Since 1970s these visits have sparked controversy and for many to see respect being paid to Class A war criminals of World War 2 is being considered very offensive to the nations that face the aggression of the Imperial Japan. With Japan’s former Prime Minister Koizumi visiting the shrine, this controversy has been given new life and limelight (Okuyama 2009) The Yasukani Shrine is one of the most controversial shrines in the world. It is a Shinto Shrine that is situated in the Chiyoda district in the capital of Japan, Tokyo. The reason for its controversy is that this shrine was built as a dedication to all the Japanese Soldiers who died fighting in World War 2 on the orders of the Emperor of Japan (Yasukuni Shrine 2008). The Symbolic Registry of Divinities has listed about 2460000 men and women who died for the Imperial Japan. The souls that are enshrined here include all of those who have served the interest of the Imperial Japan since the year 1983. This will include the na tional crisis like the Boshin War, Seinan war and also wars with other countries like Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese wars. The most controversial aspect of this shrine is that it also has the souls of soldiers who were killed during the active duty during the World Wars (Yasukuni Shrine 2008).... This location was chosen by Meiji Emporer. It was first established to help commemorate the men and women who had died in the Boshin War that resulted in the power restoration of the Meiji. The shrine is among the many that were built under the government sanction Shinto program throughout Japan. Since 1879 the shrine has been named as the Yasukuni Jinja (Ponsonby-Fane 1963; Yasukuni Shrine 2008). It has now become the principal shrine to commemorate the dead who have sacrificed their lives for Japan and its interest. When World War 2 ended, the United States and the Occupation Authorities issued what is now called the Shinto Directive. This directive ensured that the state and the religion was separated in Japan. This obviously had an impact on the Yasukuni Shrine. It was pressurized that either the shrine be declared a religious institution that will not be dependent on the Government or it can itself become a secular government institution. It was then decided by the general masse s that the shine will become a private institution that will be privately funded. Since the year 1946 the shrine has been operating privately (Tetsuya 2008). There is no person buried in the Shrine. This is of the essence as only the souls are enshrined here. There are no ashes, graves or bones of any soldiers here. The priests here only perform purification traditions for the souls of the dead. So the issue arose from the fact that there are many souls enshrined here that are considered to be World War 2 criminals. This enshrinement started in 1959 by the enshrining of 1068 souls that were either Class B or Class C criminals and were declared so before their execution by the tribunals of the Allied Forces. Then in 1978 the kami of fourteen soldiers was

Why Creativity And Innovation Is Important To Company Commerce Essay

Why Creativity And Innovation Is Important To Company Commerce Essay Given the fact that organisations are faced with the challenges of effectively carrying out their business within a competitive environment, there is an increase effort by organisations to improve on their product or service. The CE of company A is committed to running an organisation that is effective, competitive and can survive the challenges in the business world. In achieving competitive advantage and firms survival the CE wants to drive creativity through innovation hence an environment that can achieve this objective is created (Gina 2010). A situation where staff is encouraged to be naturally creative in other to generate new idea that can keep the company ahead of its competitors (Baruch Zien 1997). Today the growth and development as well as economic value and strategic edge an organisation has over others is dependent on the ability of its staff innovativeness and how they become innovative is dependent on the program of management. However, the onion lies on the organisation on how they can increase the cognitive process of their employees to achieve organisation effectiveness, competitiveness and survival (Caffyn Gallagher 2001) and knowledge is at the centre of business survival and competitiveness (Weisberg 1999) as it is said to be those skills in employees that organisations can develop to achieve their objective. According to Barny (1999) firms can invest in their employees in other to achieve competitive advantage in a business environment that is challenging, hence the CE has put in place the knowledge and control factor to ensure that he achieves this goal. Knowledge is key to achieving competitive advantage and survival, it can be gotten through several means like learning and it is a base for developing expertise, skills, capabilities and innovation, with it a business is expected to grow and subdue challenges( Rastogi 2000). Hence the lives of a business today depend on the creativity or intelligen ce of the employees. Secondly how the organisation control method is another factor that influences the creativity of the employee, that is to say how the employees creative process is measured and managed is one factor that will give the organisation competitive edge over its competitors and could also serve as survival strategy, which indicates that employees creativity ensures a significant contribution to firms innovation, survival and effectiveness (Amabile 1996). How creativity was stimulated, supported and sustained at company A It is a well know fact that employees ideas are the bed rock for organisations effective running as well as survival. At company A in other to position the company for the best the CE put together a creativity and innovation club to give encourage the development of new ideas. The CE stimulated, supported and sustained this by using two methods 1 techniques of structured problem solving for the stimulation of idea. 2 he created an environment where people can socialize and individuals can interact which could be seen as the social and organisation factor. In stimulating Ideas Company a used a brainstorming session where the club heads starts the session by stating the challenges on ground and employees come up with random ideas in relation to solving that problem. The introduction of this system created the environment where employees come up with fantastic ideas to challenges, this is very easy and effective (Gina 2010). Also the CE identified that individuals may be creative but th at social and environmental factors plays significant role in creativity and innovation (Amabile Gryskiewicz 1989). The CE understand the importance of group creativity hence he introduces the creative club. According (Montuori Purser 1995) the ability for employees to be creative depends on their social interactions and influence rather than individual thinking. The CE having understood that for employees to be creative they must create a social, informational and economic environment which was done through the introduction of the clubs, staff involvement with formal and informal ways of reviewing performance and bonus scheme. The introduction of a new pay and performance system was another way of sustaining creativity in the organisation as it encouraged employees to be more creative on the job. The CE of company A has shown in various ways the importance of employees socialization in relation to the continuous development of ideas and reviewing environmental conditions which is key to stimulating supporting and sustain of creativity (west 1995). The CE has also come to terms with the fact that employees are more creative when the conditions in the environment are changed rather than trying to make individuals think creatively (Csikszentmihalyi 1996). The significance of the CES appointment The success of every organisation to a large extent depends on its leader. Over the years leadership has come to play a very significant role in the existence of an organisation and it will not be out of place to say that the success of any organisation reflects the kind of leadership that is operational in the organisation. At company A the coming of the CE was timely and significant as he was able to bring in visionary leadership one that inspired the employees to strive towards a collective purpose and pursuit toward the goals of the organisation (Bass 1985). The CE was a charismatic leader as he was able to manage and regulate the emotions of his employees instead of relying on rational processes to motivate its employees (Simon, Moss, and Damian Ritossa 2007). The arrival of the CE was a major breakthrough in much sense with the provision of a transformational leader, one that allows the employees to be innovative by airing out their views or idea without any form of humiliatio n. Also he inspired the employees by empazing the significance of their work which brought about a sense of collective responsibility that imposed confidence in what they do ((Martin Epitropaki 2001). Furthermore, the CE created an environment where new ideas could be generated via socialization and where learning can prevail. It was also evident that the employees were motivated both intrinsic and extrinsic as the derived pleasure or gain satisfaction in what they were doing and were also rewarded for their performance and had benefits for what they were doing (Lin 2006). According to one of the managers who made a very important statement and i quote He was just like a breath of fresh air. After youve been hammered for five years then you realise you are free to say anything to him and he would listen to what you say. This indicated that he created a platform where employees were open and free to say anything no matter how insignificant it may be. The CE coming did not just make creativity possible but give the organisation more focus in achieving their goals and objective. The Importance of communication to changing an organisations culture. Communication is one concept that goes beyond making presentations, writing, coordinating and organising meetings, most individuals and organisation think that when there is clarity of information then communication is effective. In other for Communication to be effective it must take into consideration factors like organisational culture, the relationship of management to employees as well as the procedures of things in the organisation (Costley, Melgoza Todd 1994). For instance there may be a well defined way of communicating in the organisation but if the employees think that management or a manager is not competent it will affect communication. Importantly we must understand that leadership come to bear on the culture of an organisation, which indicates that when the organisation changes its leadership it will be seen in the culture of the organisation (Alvesson, 2002 Keyton, 2005), this means that as leadership changes it affects the culture of the organisation hence there is a need for the leader to always communicate his position to the employees this was what the CE did by stating his focus. A position that will tell the employees if the leader is people or task oriented (Neuhauser et al 2000). Continuing company A communicated its position through the CE by given a state of the union address twice every year and also create an informal session where employees can interact and explore issues within and outside the organisation, other techniques used where team briefs, communication via email etc. The importance of replacing managers who block change Change is a prominent charcterics of organisation and it always relate to organisations structure or management, the people or employees and technology and facility (Mullius 2007). Organisations need change for several reason but most time individuals resist change because of fear of the unknown, economic security, treat to social relationship etc (Greenberg Baron 1999). It is important to replace senior managers who block change for several reason, firstly we must understand that a capable management is the root for sustaining the competitive advantage of an organisation ( Nohria, Joyce, Roberson 2003) and the conduct of managers in the organisation does affect the environment for change (Gilley 2005 Howkins 2001). The responsibility for strategizing, implementing and monitoring change rest with the leaders or managers of the organisation as they act as mediators for change (Kanter, Stein, Jick, 1992). However in other for organisations to be competitive they must remove leaders or managers who do not support transformational change (Cohen, 1999).as Leaders or managers who do not support change acts as discouraging factor to the employees and also make the work less effective (Gill 2003). These types of managers also cause harm to the effective implementation of the organisations goals and objectives. It is important to note that the behaviour or attitude of these managers influences everything that happens within the work environment which means it could affect the creativity of the employees. Conclusion and recommendation We like to conclude by saying there is no better way for achieving competitive advantage and organisation effectiveness other than encouraging creative thinking. We have also establish that creativity works better in an environment where socialization and openness is encourage which indicate that isolating individual is not the best way of making employees to be creative. Also the importance of transformational and visionary leadership has been put forward as a base for supporting creativity as well as the importance of replacing managers who resist change in the organisation. Nevertheless, our recommendation is that company A should continually stress the use of teams and work group in creating new ideas (Cohen Bailey 1997). The reason for this is to encourage interaction, improve knowledge and increase team skill (Chen, Donahue Klimoski 2004). Also company A should keep managing creativity by given feedbacks to individual of teams as this will influence the performance of the team and make employees to be more creative (Tierney Farmer 2004).

Adverse Effects of the Atkins Diet Essay -- Exploratory Essays Resear

Adverse Effects of the Atkins Diet The Atkins diet prescribes a menu consisting of high-fat, high-protein foods that theoretically stimulate weight loss. However, excessive consumption of such foods is associated not only with weight loss, but also with several serious health problems. For example, heart disease and atherosclerosis have been linked to foods with high fat content. Further, replacing the carbohydrate component of one's diet with fat and protein stimulates a fat burning process called ketosis, which may adversely impact kidney and liver function; for some dieters, ketosis may result in dehydration and related symptoms, including muscle cramping and fatigue. Based upon the possible side effects of a high-fat, high-protein diet, it is reasonable to assert that the Atkins diet does not promote healthy food choices. Consequently, one's health might be affected adversely by the Atkins plan. As mentioned, heart disease and atherosclerosis are associated with the excessive consumption of high-fat foods encouraged under the Atkins program. More specifically, the Atkins diet places few restrictions on the quantity of fat consumed. One problem with this relatively unregulated intake of high-fat foods (e.g., butter) is that such foods, especially in large portions, have been linked to serious heart and vascular problems. For example, a recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that children who consumed large amounts of very high-fat foods (foods averaging 90% fat content) demonstrated significant increases in bad LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and a corresponding decrease in good HDL cholesterol1,2. Triglycerides are derived from glycerol, the chief component of fa... ...tkinsuooh.htm> 3 Webster's New World Dictionary and Thesaurus. 1996. New York: Simon & Schuster, Inc. 4 Journal of Ultasound Medicine . 5 Borgia M.C. and Medici F. "Perspectives in the Treatment of Dyslipidemias in the Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease" 6 Fogoros, M.D. et. al. 7 "Muscle Cramps/Twitching." . 8 "Sports Med Tips." . 9 "Ketones Definition." . 10 Bailey, Kathryn. "The Atkins' Diet: Friend or Foe?" . 11 Bailey, Kathryn. et.al. 12 HyperDictionary. .

Multiple Chioce Quiz on Transfer Pricing

Multiple choice questions Try the multiple choice questions below to test your knowledge of Chapter 18. Once you have completed the test, click on ‘Submit Answers for Grading' to get your results. If your lecturer has requested that you send your results to them, please complete the Routing Information found at the bottom of your graded page and click on the ‘E-Mail Results' button. Please  do not  forward your results unless your lecturer has specifically requested that you do so. This activity contains 10 questions. ————————————————- Top of Form | | | | |When a perfectly competitive market exists and the firm uses market-based transfer pricing, the firm can achieve all of the following except for:| | | |   Ã‚  | subunit performance evaluation. | | management effort. | | goal congruence. | | price monopoly. | | | | | | | | | | | | Bob is the manager of th e Beta division. He is accountable for only the sales generated by the division. Beta is a(n):| | | |   Ã‚  | cost centre. | | profit centre. | | investment centre. | | revenue centre. | | | | | | | | | | | | A company that uses a separate transfer price for each division in a single transaction is employing:| | |   Ã‚  | dual pricing. | | market-based pricing. | | negotiated pricing. | | full cost pricing. | | | | | | | | | | | | If the selling subunit is operating at full capacity and can sell everything produced either internally or externally, it will only be willing to use a transfer price set by:| | | |   Ã‚  | cost plus a mark-up. | | the market. | | negotiation. | | variable costing. | | | | | | | | | | | | Optoca has 2 divisions, A and B. A makes a component for tables which it can sell only to Division B. It has no other outlet for sales.Current information for the divisions is as follows: Incremental cost for Division A| â‚ ¬100| Incremental cost for Division B| â‚ ¬200| Transfer price for component| â‚ ¬175| Final Table selling price| â‚ ¬425| The transfer price is based on 175% of incremental costs. What is the profit per table for Optoca? | | | |   Ã‚  | â‚ ¬50| | â‚ ¬75| | â‚ ¬150| | â‚ ¬125| | | | | | | | | | | | Optoca has 2 divisions, A and B. A makes a component for tables which it can sell only to Division B. It has no other outlet for sales. Current information for the divisions is as follows: Incremental cost for Division A| â‚ ¬100| Incremental cost for Division B| â‚ ¬200|Transfer price for component| â‚ ¬175| Final Table selling price| â‚ ¬425| Unit sales| 300| The transfer price is based on 175% of incremental costs. What is the amount of profit recognized by Division B? | | | |   Ã‚  | â‚ ¬15,000| | â‚ ¬45,000| | â‚ ¬22,500| | â‚ ¬37,500| | | | | | | | | | | | Optoca has 2 divisions, A and B. A makes a component for tables which it can sell only to Division B. It has no other outlet for sales. Current information for the divisions is as follows: Incremental cost for Division A| â‚ ¬100| Incremental cost for Division B| â‚ ¬200| Transfer price for component| â‚ ¬175|Final Table selling price| â‚ ¬425| The transfer price is based on 175% of incremental costs. Acotpo has offered to sell Division B the same component it currently gets from Division A for â‚ ¬150 per unit. If Division B accepts Acotpo’s offer, the firm as a whole will be:| | | |   Ã‚  | â‚ ¬25 per unit worse off. | | â‚ ¬25 per unit better off. | | â‚ ¬50 per unit better off. | | â‚ ¬50 per unit worse off. | | | | | | | | | | | | Optoca has 2 divisions, A and B. A makes a component for tables which it can sell only to Division B. It has no other outlet for sales.Current information for the divisions is as follows: Incremental cost for Division A| â‚ ¬100| Incremental cost for Division B| â‚ ¬200| Transfer price for component| â‚ ¬175| Final Table s elling price| â‚ ¬425| The transfer price is based on 175% of incremental costs. Acotpo has offered to sell Division B the same component it currently gets from Division A for â‚ ¬150 per unit. Given this information, what is the minimum amount that Division A would be willing to sell to Division B? | | | |   Ã‚  | â‚ ¬100 per unit. | | â‚ ¬150 per unit. | | â‚ ¬125 per unit. | | â‚ ¬175 per unit. | | | | | | | | | | | If Minnico, which uses cost based transfer pricing, finds that Division A has costs of â‚ ¬100 per unit, and Division B has divisional costs of â‚ ¬125 per unit, what will Division B recognise as total cost per unit if the mark-up rate is 40%? | | | |   Ã‚  | â‚ ¬100 per unit. | | â‚ ¬265 per unit. | | â‚ ¬225 per unit. | | â‚ ¬140 per unit. | | | | | | | | | | | | Which transfer pricing method will preserve the subunit autonomy? | | | |   Ã‚  | Cost-based pricing. | | Negotiated pricing. | | Full-cost pricing. | | Variable-co st pricing. | | | | | | | Bottom of Form

Raychel is requesting your help!

What business would you engage in if you were given an inheritance of 5 million pesos today? Why? How would you minimize the risks? If I were given an inheritance of 5 million pesos , I will be engage in leasing services to render services to the students, workers and families who need to lodge. Why? Because it is a good business to be engaged with for the reason that I can produce an additional profit while I am working. I will minimize the risks by being competitive and by ensuring that the house and rooms are well-cleaned, well-ventilated, no leaks, o clog sinks, and comfortable to live at.I will also build an apartment near the school and near in the workplaces. 2. Specify five objectives you would like to attain for yourself in this class by the end of the school year. Are these objectives measurable? 1 . Learn new things, ideas, theories and many more. 2. Learn how to manage organization or a business efficiently and effectively. 3. Right decision making in various situations a nd risks it may take. 4. To make an appropriate plan on a certain business or an organization I will be engage. To know how to be competitive despite of all the risks and challenges in the field of business. These objectives are measurable through conducting tests to know whether I learn or not. 3. Describe the present business environment in the country today. Use various sources and references: newspaper articles, magazine reports, official government announcements, bank statements, etc. Is the environment conducive to business? Why? The business environment today is very appropriate for the business owners but other businesses are too competitive.They are using different kind of advertisements like different banks of today. BAD says â€Å"we find ways†. While the department of tourism said â€Å"It's more fun in the Philippines†. It is very conducive to the business because Philippines is one of the appropriate place to build a business because of the weather and th e chances and opportunities 4. Do a survey of your neighborhood. Form a team among your classmates. What are the most common businesses? What other business can be set up? Why? What are the risks involved in setting up a new business in your neighborhood?The most common businesses are trading or merchandising business and the other common business are computer shops. The other business can be set up is rental service or leasing service. Why? Because there are lot of people who need space for lodging because the place is near in school, market, and church. So it is so desirable to built the business. The risks involve are the other competitive business of the same field. The security of payments of the boarders and how can, the owner encourages the people to lodge in the house he/she offers.

History of Literary Modernism in 19th Century

History of Literary Modernism in 19th Century The radical shift in the aesthetic value as well as the cultural sensibilities of the works of literature of the early 20th century is what people regard to as literary modernism. This shift altered the originally ordered, seemingly stable and meaningful worldview perceived in the 19th century realism.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on History of Literary Modernism in 19th Century specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For instance, the famous quotation from Walt Whitman’s ‘Leaves of Grass’, â€Å"I sound my barbaric yawp over the roofs of the world† started the modernist shift in American literature. In its manner of distorting the realism upheld by many Victorian writers, the poem as well as other later works of modernists works by introducing a new way of thinking in the discipline of literature. Walt Whitman faced a good share of criticism from people who deemed his poetry untranslatable and am biguous. Literary modernism as evident in the works of most modernists such as Willa Cather displays a number of similar characteristics. These include a variety of features such as the rejection of history and the need to focus on a complex modern life. For instance, in Robert Frost’s â€Å"Mending wall†, the poem is a contrast between the traditional and the modern. The neighbor bases his motive to build a fencing wall and alienate himself on a proverb that his father told him â€Å"a good fence makes a good neighbor† (Frost line 10). There is an obvious shift, which results into ambiguity. Modernists seem to go against what the realists upheld in that as displayed in most of their literary works they break what people viewed as taboo. It is however important to note that modernism is formed of a conglomeration of other literary movements in that they borrowed from each one of them. For instance, they took the allusiveness upheld by the symbolists as seen in t he interest they show in rare field mental states. They also took from realism the urban setting of the works and the desire to go against the set conventions. As seen in the â€Å"Red Wheelbarrow† by William Carlos Williams, the original formality and conventions in writing poetry take a quick turn and there are no limitations in the writing of poems (Williams 1-6). Modernism in literature upholds the fact that there cannot be an absolute interpretation of meanings in texts. In this sense, the reality portrayed in the texts is subject to the interpretations of the readers. This stands out in works such as Eliot’s â€Å"The Love song of Albert Prufrock† where the character of Prufrock is contradictory and his source of fear is not clear (Eliot 10).Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Modernists inherit the narcissistic view of the artist upheld b y the romanticists. Most of the literary works by the modernists therefore dissolve the limitations of time and space therefore retreating into irrationalism and hallucinations. This distorts the understanding of the works considering how the writers do it intentionally. For instance, this is evident in â€Å"Mr. Flood’s Party† where Eben talks alone and imagines having company while he does not â€Å"Well, Mr. Flood, since you propose it, I believe I will. (Robinson lines 14-15). Modernity in literature having been inspired greatly by the experiences during World War I displays a lot of disillusionment in the works of the modernist writers. These works emphasize on the valorization of a despairing character that is not certain about the future (Robinson 30). To conclude the discussion about modernism in literature, it is therefore important to mention some of the perceivable consequences of the literary movement as evident in Willa Cather’s book â€Å"Demeubl e† with regard to the criticism it received. These include the perceivable ambiguity in the works of the modernists, fragmentation and experimentation with the aesthetics of literary works (Cather 45). This involves the distortion of the conventions such as the replacement of the linear plot with the complex plot. These changes made literary texts to be perceived in numerous perspectives and interpreted in more than one way. Cather, Willa. Demeuble. New York: Dutton Juvenile, 1997. Eliot, Tony. The love song of Albert Prufrock: An Anthology of Modern Poetry. London: Oxford University Press, 1990. Frost, Robert. Mending Wall: Modern Poetics and the Landscapes of Self. New York: Duke University Press, 1975.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on History of Literary Modernism in 19th Century specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Robinson, Arlington. Mr. Flood’s Party: Poems by Arlington. New York: Penguin Books, 1972 . Williams, Carlos. The Red Wheelbarrow: Anthology of Modern Poetry. London: Oxford University Press, 1990.

A Rose For Emily Essays - A Rose For Emily, Homer Simpson, Emily

A Rose For Emily Essays - A Rose For Emily, Homer Simpson, Emily A Rose For Emily A Rose for emily Life is fickle and most people will be a victim of circumstance and the times. Some people choose not to let circumstance rule them and, as they say, time waits for no man. Faulkner's Emily did not have the individual confidence, or maybe self-esteem and self-worth, to believe that she could stand alone and succeed at life especially in the face of changing times. She had always been ruled by, and depended on, men to protect, defend and act for her. From her Father, through the manservant Tobe, to Homer Barron, all her life was dependent on men. The few flashes of individuality showed her ability to rise to the occasion, to overcome her dependency, when the action was the only solution available. Like buying the poison or getting money by offering china-painting classes. Life is sad and tragic; some of which is made for us and some of which we make ourselves. Emily had a hard life. Everything that she loved left her. Her father probably impressed upon her that every man she met was no good for her. The townspeople even state when her father died, it got about that the house was all that was left to her; and in a way, people were glad being left alone. She had become humanized (219). This sounds as if her father's death was sort of liberation for Emily. In a way it was, she could begin to date and court men of her choice and liking. Her father couldn't chase them off any more. But then again, did she have the know-how to do this, after all those years of her father's past actions? It also sounds as if the townspeople thought Emily was above the law because of her high-class stature. Now since the passing of her father she may be like them, a middle class working person. Unfortunately, for Emily she became home bound. She didn't socialize much except for having her manservant Tobe visit to do some chores and go to the store for her. Faulkner depicts Emily and her family as a high social class. Emily did carry her self with dignity and people gave her that respect, based from fear of what Emily could do to them. Emily was a strong willed person especially when she went into the drug store for the arsenic. She said Arsenic. I want arsenic (220). All along, the druggist wanted to know what she wanted it for and she answered back I want the best you have. I don't care what kind (220). Needless to say, the druggist never got an answer. The druggist gave Emily poison out of fear and respect, possibly. Yes, Emily didn't socialize much, but she did have a gentleman friend, Homer Barron. Homer was a Forman for a road construction company, Faulkner writes a forman named Homer Barron, a Yankee a big, dark, ready man, with a big voice and eyes lighter than his face(220). Emily's father probably would not be pleased with this affair with Homer,considering her upbringing. Homer was a 'commoner' and did not fit the social standards of her father. Of course, Emily, like most women dream of getting married and having a family and most of all, being loved. The gossip around town was spreading; the townspeople said when she got to be thirty and was still single, we were not pleased, but vindicated; ... She wouldn't have turned down all of her chances if they had materialized (221). Emily wanted to be loved, and she was determined that Homer would be her true love to rescue her from fear, fear of being alone. Indeed Emily took a great liking to Homer, but Homer's feelings about the relationship were different. It was rumored that even Homer himself had remarkedhe liked men, and it was known that he drunk with younger men in the Elk's clubthat he was not a marrying man (221). Homer left Emily and the town for three days, and then came back. While Homer was gone, Emily still was preparing for her wedding. She bought invitations and clothes for Homer. Emily grew fearful of Homer's departure, fear of being left alone again. Faulkner writes A neighbor saw the Negro man (Tobe) admit him at the kitchen door at dusk one evening. And that's thelast we saw of Homer Barron (221). Once again, a fear of

What Is SAT Reading Comprehension How to Practice

What Is SAT Reading Comprehension How to Practice SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you're readingthis guide, you may have heard the term SAT Reading Comprehension. It's an olderterm to describe a specific type of SAT Critical Reading question.While the term is outdated, SAT Reading Comprehension is still very important today. The questions fromReading Comprehension are used as apart of the new 2016 SAT Evidence-Based Reading and Writing section. If you hadn’t heard about the new 2016 SAT, read all about the changes to the SAT here before continuing to read this article. Reading Comprehension is a big part of the Evidence-Based Reading and Writing section. You need to understand what it is, what types of skills it tests, and how to practice it in order to succeed on the Evidence-Based Reading and Writing section. What Is SAT Reading Comprehension? SAT Reading Comprehension refers to a specific type of SAT question that was in the SAT Critical Reading section on the old SAT and will be in the new 2016 SAT Evidence-Based Reading and Writing section. This type of question is more commonly referred to aspassage-based readingbecausethat's the termthe College Board uses on SAT score reports. You can see an examplefrom a 2015 score report below: If you’re familiar with the old SAT, you know that the SAT Critical Reading section asked two types of questions: sentence-completion and passage-based reading questions.On the new SAT, the SAT Evidence-Based Reading and Writing section will no longer have sentence-completion questions but will still have passage-based reading questions. The new passage-based reading will be slightly different.The new passage-based reading will test all of the same skills covered on the old SAT plustwo new skills.I’ll cover the exact skills below. What Skills Are Tested The new SAT’s passage-based reading questions will ask you questions related to five passages: One passage dealing with US and World Literature Two passages dealing with History and Social Studies Two passages dealing with Science When answering questions about these passages, you’ll be asked 8 types of questions (each utilizing a different skill). The first 6 were also skills required for the old SAT. Skills 7 and 8 are new for the new SAT: #1:Identifying the Meaning of Vocabulary in Context This kind of reading comprehension SAT question asks you about what a specific word means in the context of the passage. Often, the word is relatively common (not like the old sentence completion words such as â€Å"aberration†). However, these common words are usually being used in an uncommon way. Sometimes they have multiple meanings, and the less common meaning is being tested. Example In line 23, "ran" most nearly means fled gathered traversed betrayed #2: Identifying the Big Picture / Main Point of the Passage For these questions, you’ll be askedwhatthe overall purpose of the passageis.Is it meant to inform, review, contradict, prove, parody, or hypothesize? Example The primary purpose of Passage 1 is to make a comparison argue a hypothesis justify a clarification highlight a concern #3: Identifying the Purpose of Small Details in the Passage These questions typically refer to a specific line or two and ask you about a specific detail. It might also ask what a phrase or paragraph is accomplishing in the context of the whole passage. Example Which best describes the function of the statement in lines 10-13 ("From...world")? It summarizes the points made in the first paragraph. It provides support for the argument made in the preceding statement. It introduces a contrasting opinion. It challenges recent scientific findings. #4: Interpreting the Meaning of a Line, Paragraph, or Whole Passage / Making an Inference For these questions, you need to interpret the meaning of a line, paragraph, or the whole passage. These won't be asking for subjective interpretations. There will always be only one correct answer. Example The author of the passage would probably agree with which of the following statements about the "Kafka" referred to in line 37? His books were too long. He was ahead of his time. He should be more widely taught. He was crazy. #5: Identifying the Function of a Phrase or Sentence in the Passage To answer these questions, you need to figure out what effect a phrase or sentence has in the passage. Example In lines 4-5, the author refers to her â€Å"flighty nature† primarily in order to imply that Ophelia has only a superficial feelings for Gerald. suggest that Ophelia is excessively concerned about appearances. illustrate some of the exaggerated claims made Ophelia’s uncle. emphasize Ophelia’s unpredictability. #6: Identifying the Author’s Tone, Style, Voice, Attitude, or Perspective Author Techniquequestions ask what the author's tone, style, voice, attitude, or perspective is. Example The author discusses Ethiopian culture from the perspective of a concerned spectator a shocked visitor a knowledgeable insider a well-read outsider #7: Interpreting Data This is one of the new skills. For these questions, you have to interpret graphs or charts and say which fact they best support or least support. You don't need to be a science or data expert to get these questions right, but you need to be able to read and interpret graphs and charts. #8: Providing Evidence Support This is the other new skill for the new SAT. These questions come in sets of two. The first asks a question about the passage, and the second question asks you where in the passage you got your evidence for the first question. Examples Via College Board's Test Specifications for the Redesigned SAT How to Practice First and foremost, you need to know the test format and strategies, so there are no surprises the day of the test.Learn more about each type of passage-based reading question, the best passage-based reading strategies, and the best way to study SAT vocabulary for the new SAT.This knowledge will help you shape your study plan. After learning this material, you need to incorporate SAT practice tests into your study routine.Check out the best SAT reading comprehension practice tests and questions. What’s Next? If you're taking the SAT, you should learn about the format of thenew SAT,and also, check out some general tips onhow to prepare for the SAT. Before you start studying for the SAT, figure out what’s a good score for your target college. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Reading lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Writing and Reporting News, page 244-245, exercise 3 Assignment

Writing and Reporting News, page 244-245, exercise 3 - Assignment Example In order to enhance this protection, the website is already making profile designs for the members at the age of 14- 17 years. An FBI agent, Clerk Hershberger, said that this private protection mechanism cannot be safe with the children. Hershberger says that even though the website is making the efforts to increase security, the implementation is still difficult. The directors have continued defending their website security efforts by saying that they are developing technology that will help parents keep off their children from the website. This will be enhanced by the parents adding their children’s addresses, and then the website would block them. In July, according to the MySpace directors, 30,000 profiles of sexual predators had been deleted from the website. Drinkwater, the Alaska’s assistant attorney general says that MySpace needs to be commended in its efforts. She also commends the progress of MySpace in cracking down the registered sex offenders in the website. Drinkwater says that MySpace has agreed in verifying the identity online in order to analyze the programs and technological answers. She says that MySpace will make sure that those who register present their real

Cultural Awareness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cultural Awareness - Essay Example II. Culture and regions of the world: A case for South America. A. A look at the location of South America. B. The physical landscape and prominent features of the region that include the Andes, the amazon forests and the Atacama Desert. III. The expression of culture through history and developments give us a better understanding of the region. A. The military history of South America in itself brings out the nature of the region. B. The key infrastructural developments such as the Panama Canal give us the ancient history and interests of the region. C. Typical activities of the region such as Agriculture tell us about the abundance of rainfall in the areas, tourism also shows us the attractive nature of the region. IV. The people residing in the region and the activities they engage in tell us of the mixed cultures of the area. A. The mixture of ethnic groups tells us of the diversity of the regions culture. B. The different languages spoken by the people prove that culture is both specific to a group and a region. C. The different interests communicate the value of ideologies that are held by different groups. SSG Phippard SSG Johnson ALC Class 709-11 September 18, 2011 The Culture of South America Culture can be defined as that system of beliefs, values, norms, customs, behaviors and artifacts that members of a given society use to interact with the world and one another. It is that combination of thoughts, feelings attitudes, beliefs values and behavior patterns that are shared by racial, ethnic, religious or social groups of people (Urban Schools). The first characteristic of culture is language which is a set of symbols that are used to assign and communicate meaning. Language is both the spoken words and body movements. Language can be formal or informal depending on the environment and the people taking part in the communication process. Different dialects may symbolize different groups of people with different cultures. In non-verbal communication, di fferent cultures have different body languages. For example, there are cultures in which eye contact is seen as disrespectful while in others it signifies honesty. The second element of culture is norms, which are rules that govern behavior in a given society. Norms include taboos and rituals, which are specific to a given group of people or region. Norms are such that what is acceptable by one may be absurd for another. Ignoring these norms makes one unacceptable unpopular or an outcast within a given culture. The third characteristic of culture is values, which are things that members of a particular culture hold in high esteem or aspire to have. Values are not the same they change depending on the situation or the needs of people. Different cultures value different things, for example most Americans generally agree on the following as valuable: democracy, liberty and freedom. A typical African society values children, peace and hard work. The fourth characteristic of culture is b eliefs and ideologies. Beliefs refer to what members of a given culture hold to be true. Ideologies on the other hand refer to a set of beliefs and assumptions that are connected by a common theme. Social institutions or systems associate themselves with ideologies and they serve to make those institutions legitimate. The above two vary within cultures and serve to differentiate them. The fifth characteristic of culture is the attitude towards time. Time orientation is something

Baroque Period Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Baroque Period - Research Paper Example Clamor worked in Kothen as a court musician and an organist in Celle. He became ducal chamber musician in Hanover from the year 1666 (Walter, Murray, and Simon, 2001). Clamor Heinrich Abel made a series of compositions and musical guidebooks between the year 1694 and 1696 when he was Obermusicus in Bremen. His best works of music include various compositions for chamber music and string orchestra. Clamor composed a collection of fifty-nine individual works under the heading Erstlinge musikalischer Blumen, which included works for four instruments, allemandes, preludes, sonatinas, courantes and sarabandas. Initially, Clamor’s musical works were published in three separate volumes, and later they were combined into Drei Opera musica (Walter, Murray, and Simon, 2001). Clamor is considered the inspirer of violist and violinist Ferdinand Abel Christian and Carl Friedrich and Leopold August, who were both viol virtuoso and composer. Johan was a minor German Baroque composer. He was a violinist in 1934 and travelling to several countries including England, Italy, and France to perform and train violinists. Johan became a Kapellmeister in Nuremberg in the year 1746. He was in charge of music making in chapels, choirs, and orchestras. As a Kapellmeister, Johan wrote occasional vocal works and several harpsichord concertos, sonatas and symphonies. Johan’s symphonies contained two to three episodes or movements featuring sonata principles. Harpsichord concertos were musical instruments played by means of a keyboard. Most of his works were published and sold in various markets where other musicians used them as guides for their music endeavors (Agrell, 2011). Johan was a fluent Baroque composer in the gallant style of North German during his time; he was also a widely accepted musician and conductor. Johan’s contribution to musical landscape is evidenced by the composition of twenty-two symphonies that gained popularity in the music industry and among trainers and trainees. Johannes Nucius Johannes Nucius was a Germany composer of the late Renaissance and early Baroque period. Nucius was a talented composer who penned an influential treatise in applying rhetoric in compositional devices; his works of art shows an influence of Lassus. Among his publications, include two collections of motets, which contained a total of one hundred and two pieces, and several masses (Lambert, 2004). The works of Nucius that were published in Leibnitz and Prague were homophonic with an abundance of expressive devices; he later described the application as Musices poeticae in his major treatise. Nucius’ fame that lasted until the 18th century arose from the Musices poeticae. This treatise was the most influential among the three of the famous German Baroque treatises such as the Syntagma musicum (1618), Critica musica (1722-1723) and Musicalisches Lexicon (1732)

E-commerce Data Privacy and Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

E-commerce Data Privacy and Security - Essay Example However, there are different domains that may portray a negative impact of using e-commerce based services. In this report, we have prioritized issues related to privacy of e-commerce and social networking based websites. As far as website developer is concerned, there are five points that are taken in to consideration in the context of a e-commerce based website privacy policy i.e. What information will be collected?, method of collecting this information, utilizing this information, what level of access does the customer and how to secure this personal information (States 2010). Moreover, we have also highlighted issues related to teenagers publishing every activity on a social network, as these sites are also illustrating negative impact in terms of incomplete and doubtful privacy policies. On the other hand, online buying experience is decreasing due to issues related to misuse of personal information and online hacking that is also referred as cyber-crimes. Furthermore, we have also evaluated several business-to-consumer websites, in order to demonstrate factors focusing on bad or good practices of privacy policy etc. In the end, we have concluded our findings along with the solution to these highlighted issues in the context of online privacy, which has become a major threat. Chapter 1 E-Commerce Overview 1 Introduction The Internet continues to modernize the world’s economy. It is apparently changing the way people live, study, work, participate, and devour. At the hub, of this rebellion is technology. Technology has moved from the "back office" to the leading edge. Namely, the interface between the customer and the organization has changed spectacularly. Increasingly, technology is shifting the organization’s associations with its customers from a... The Internet continues to modernize the world’s economy. It is apparently changing the way people live, study, work, participate, and devour. At the hub, of this rebellion is technology. Technology has moved from the "back office" to the leading edge. Namely, the interface between the customer and the organization has changed spectacularly. Increasingly, technology is shifting the organization’s associations with its customers from a "face-to-face" to a "screen-to-face" communication. The Internet is not an innovation that concerns only one or two sectors of the economy. Because it revolutionizes the way businesses should prudently systematize their activities and go to market, the Internet affects all economic commotions. The business that operates on the Internet is termed as ‘Electronic Commerce’, which has a remarkable history. The continuous research and development have enabled corporate organizations to reconstruct their business strategies. The inte gration of electronic commerce applications lays the foundation for the organization’s digital business process. Marketers around the globe, have experimented a lot on digital marketing in order to generate sales and customer loyalty. Unfortunately, most of them did not succeed. Likewise, the online customers espouse digital technology to be the preferred one for making purchasing decisions. Organizations, keeping this in mind, construct their marketing strategies by re-evaluating their budgets, processes, skills, and priorities.

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS - Essay Example In this paper, we would analyze the company’s competitive position through several tools of internal audit and external audit by using matrices, like Grand Strategy, I-E and Space. The aim of this paper is to analyze the past, current and the future of the company through various strategic perspectives and also provide recommendations for sustaining competitive edge in the future. Marriott International’s headquarter is situated in Bethesda, Maryland, United States. The acclaimed and respected chain has more than 150,000 employees globally and 60 percent of them belong to female and minorities category. Marriott hotel was an idea executed in 1927 by J. W Marriott in Washington, D.C. in United States. Currently, it’s a globally renowned in the hotel and lodging industry and is presently led by J. W Marriott, Jr. Marriott International is one of the World’s finest and topmost organization running chains of hotels and extending franchisee business after extensive scrutiny of service excellence; it is perceived to be as being one of the best in providing allied lodging facilities. It boasts of 18 different brands and more than 3400 hotels and resorts across the world. Marriott chain has been recognized as one of the ‘100 Best Companies to Work For’ by Fortune for last few years consecutively. The chain has around 3100 hotels and lodging facilities operating in United States with presence in around 70 different countries across the world. In a successful journey of over 80 years, Marriott International has created a niche and enjoys a proud position among existing competitors. In the context of strategic management, the vision statement is considered to be the long term view of company’s ground objectives and operation, just like Marriott International’s vision statement: â€Å"to be the world’s leading provider of hospitality services† (Abrahams, 1999, p.293). Ever since the Marriott was funded, its management has practiced the principle

Strain Theory Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Strain Theory - Thesis Example It is therefore critical that criminology as a social issue is given multidimensional approach that will consider various observed behaviors. The social environment is significant in influencing the behavior and conduct of individuals and this explain crime rate differences across gender. While studying the crime theory, it would be important to highlight such social parameters that influence behavior outcomes in people. In this case strain theory would serve as an important theory to unveil the causes of crime in the society. In various disciplines there are theories that explain a given phenomenon and criminology is not exceptional. Many scholars and researchers have diverse definition of theory but the common denominator is the aggregate application in explain any observed phenomenon in the society. Theory is generally a set of principles that are devised to explain a group of facts. It emphasizes proof of ideas behind principles that have repeatedly been tested and widely accepted as responsible for a given phenomenon. In regard to strain theory, it explains the factors that push an individual to develop criminal behavior in the society (Agnew, 2006). Although each man is born free, the emerging character is shaped by many external environment factors and this serves even crime mind development. Criminological theory plays a central role as far as understanding of crime is concerned. Past research indicates that criminology theory explains the forces behind emotional and psychological transformation t hat shapes a criminal mind. There are incidences across the world where people commit outrageous crimes that one can never imagine of. The mitigation measures towards reoccurrence of such criminal acts require understanding of theory of criminology. Development of theory constitutes critical analysis of a given phenomenon by establishing the variables and their relationship. Such relationship among variables must be taken through a

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS - Essay Example In this paper, we would analyze the company’s competitive position through several tools of internal audit and external audit by using matrices, like Grand Strategy, I-E and Space. The aim of this paper is to analyze the past, current and the future of the company through various strategic perspectives and also provide recommendations for sustaining competitive edge in the future. Marriott International’s headquarter is situated in Bethesda, Maryland, United States. The acclaimed and respected chain has more than 150,000 employees globally and 60 percent of them belong to female and minorities category. Marriott hotel was an idea executed in 1927 by J. W Marriott in Washington, D.C. in United States. Currently, it’s a globally renowned in the hotel and lodging industry and is presently led by J. W Marriott, Jr. Marriott International is one of the World’s finest and topmost organization running chains of hotels and extending franchisee business after extensive scrutiny of service excellence; it is perceived to be as being one of the best in providing allied lodging facilities. It boasts of 18 different brands and more than 3400 hotels and resorts across the world. Marriott chain has been recognized as one of the ‘100 Best Companies to Work For’ by Fortune for last few years consecutively. The chain has around 3100 hotels and lodging facilities operating in United States with presence in around 70 different countries across the world. In a successful journey of over 80 years, Marriott International has created a niche and enjoys a proud position among existing competitors. In the context of strategic management, the vision statement is considered to be the long term view of company’s ground objectives and operation, just like Marriott International’s vision statement: â€Å"to be the world’s leading provider of hospitality services† (Abrahams, 1999, p.293). Ever since the Marriott was funded, its management has practiced the principle

Compare and Contrast the NW Essay Example for Free

Compare and Contrast the NW Essay In this essay I intend to compare and contrast the region of North West Brazil to South East Brazil. The purpose of this essay is to see if dependent on which area of Brazil you are situated in reflects on the education, health care etc. you are provided with / can receive. The location of Brazil is that of which Brazil occupies almost one half of the entire South American continents, and is the fifth largest countries in the world. It borders all Latin American countries except Chile and Ecuador. Brazil also occupies 7,491km coastline and the 50,000km navigable inland waterways. Brazil has many large cities the top 6 most populated are Sau Paulo, Rio Janeiro, Salvador, Belo Horizonte, Fortaleza, Brasilia in that order. The main city of North West Brazil and that is the country that I will mainly focus on and the main cities of south east Brazil are Rio Janeiro and Sau Paulo and they are the cities I will focus on for the south east part of this essay. Brazil is a republic. In a republic, the people vote for members of the government. Brazils government is made up of three different parts, or branches. These three parts are called the executive, legislative and judicial branches.  The executive branch is made up of the president, vice president and the cabinet. The president and vice president are elected by the people and serve for four years. The cabinet is a group of people the president chooses to help him or her. The executive branch makes sure the laws are obeyed. The government doesnt alter in accordance to the area of which you are situated in Brazil the government tries and succeeds in providing equal terms of governing throughout the country no matter where you live weather it is in Manaus or in Rio de Janeiro. The legislative branch is the National Congress which makes the laws. It is made up of the Federal Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. The judicial branch is made up of judges. They make sure that he laws are fair. Education in Brazil can vary between areas such as in Amazonia For this reason many schools were built in the villages local towns and run by volunteer teachers as they had no financial backing. This is different in the south east because e the schools there have financial backing and are in larger more productive atmosphere this is so because it is a larger and a larger cities it has colleges and universities which can help children get more out of life and to help with their future and is more inclined to do this because the up growing city is based on education and without one you are not likely to succeed in the up and coming city and all that comes with it where as in Amazonia an education isnt needed as much as it is the city this is because you generally dont need to be educated to survive but it is still as in Sao Paulo classed as important because they know that the children may one day wish to leave and they will need and education to help them in their chosen future. In Amazonia the majority of people live in a village/ tribe where they build their own homes / huts to live in these are made of the trees and the resources found in the forest and arent really set into certain classes yet in the city that is very different where the lower class has to put up with home made houses made from rubbish and disgarded wood and tin where also the middle class live in houses e.g. flats rented accommodation as they have jobs which either pays well enough to be able to afford to rent or that the company provides housing. The housing of the upper class is very different they are that of big large villas which so of their wealth and show people which statues they belong to. The informal sector is where a lot of people in the cities work as it is where anyone can work and buy/ sell and get anything repaired and they dont have to pay taxes so this is the best way for people to earn a living if they are uneducated.  Brazils climate is very warm and most of the country does not get cold even in winter. Although it is hot, there is often heavy rain. The region around the Amazon rainforest is close to the equator. The average temperature there is about 27decreese centigrade. Rainforests are also very humid and get far more rain then anywhere else, which is how they get their name. Brazil is on the opposite side of the equator to Europe and the USA, and in the northern half of the globe, above the equator. Brazil and Australia are in the southern half of the globe. When it is winter in London and New York, it is summer in Brazil and Sydney.  In conclusion to this essay I have found out that the North West (Amazonia) is not as well appreciated/ recognized and so doesnt receive the resources it requires in compares to the South East of Brazil.

Piaget And Vygotsky Were Both Considered Constructivists Education Essay

Piaget And Vygotsky Were Both Considered Constructivists Education Essay Piaget and Vygotsky were both considered constructivists. Constructivism is a theory of teaching and learning based on the idea that cognition is developed through mental construction. This suggests that humans learn, constructing new knowledge by piecing together their past experiences. Another similarity between Piaget and Vygotsky is that they both believe societal influences establish the boundaries of cognitive growth. The main ideas in Piagets and Vygotskys theories regarding intelligence differ. According to Piaget, intelligence was a product of action. He believed that children learn by interaction with their surrounding and that such learnings occur after development. Vygotsky however, believed that learning occurs before development can and that a child learns because of history and symbolism. Vygotsky also thought that children appreciate input from their surroundings as well as other people. Piaget on the other hand did not place any importance on the input of others. Piaget and Vygotskys theories regarding the stages of development have differing opinions as well. Piagets theory of cognitive development is made up of four stages which mark the emergence of new intellectual abilities. The earliest stage is the sensorimotor stage, which occurs between birth and two years of age. During this stage babies and young children use their senses and motor skills to explore the world. Through physical activity and somewhat accidental motor reflexes intelligence is manifested. Toward the end of this stage children also acquire the concept of object permanence, meaning that they understand an object is there even if the child cannot see it. The next stage in Piagets theory is known as the preoperational stage. This occurs during ages two through seven. During this stage a childs language and concepts develop rapidly, however their thinking process is still rather primitive. In this stage characteristics such as centration occur, which leaves the child so focused on one aspect of a situation that they fail to see other important factors. Another characteristic is that children are egocentric. They believe that everyone thinks, or has the same needs and desires as they do. The third stage in Piagets theory is the concrete operational stage, occurring between the ages of seven and eleven. During this stage children begin to experience a drastic change in their thinking process. Their thoughts become less egocentric and more logical. Reversibility, the ability to perform a mental operation and then reverse ones thinking to return to the starting point (Slavin, 2003, p.33) occurs during this stage. Children at this stage still have difficulty with abstract thought. The last stage in Piagets cognitive development theory is identified as the formal operational stage. It is during this stage in which a child begins to develop abstract and symbolic thoughts. It allows hypothetical situations to be addressed, and problem solving through experimentation. This development gives young adults the ability to reason their way through situations they have not yet experienced. As discussed Piagets theory has four specific stages, however Vygotsky believed that there are no set stages. The first aspect of Vygotskys theory is a mechanism referred to as private speech, talking to oneself. Vygotsky found that it was important to turn shared knowledge into person knowledge. He believed that children would integrate the speech of others into their problem solving process. Private speech is commonly seen amongst young children who talk to themselves openly and often. In adulthood private speech is also very important, although it become silent and internalized it is still a helpful problem solving tool. Vygotskys belief of the zone of proximal development is the second part of his cognitive theory. A zone of proximal development is the level of development immediately above a persons present level (Slavin, 2003, p.44). The zone of proximal development consists of things a child cannot quite do alone, but could accomplish with help from a more experienced child or an adult. It includes tasks a child has not yet learned but is capable of learning. Vygotsky believed that to achieve maximum learning it was important to work with the zone of proximal development. The final idea in Vygotskys cognitive development theory is scaffolding. This includes using encouragement, clues, reminders and assistance in the form of suggestion to aid the child in independently learning. By learning to solve problems independently and without the help of others, the child gains the ability to self-regulate. Both Piaget and Vygotskys cognitive development theories have had an impact on education practices and classroom management. Piagets theory is used in classrooms daily with the use of developmentally appropriate education. Another example of Piagetian theory being used in the classroom is through hands on activities. According to Piaget, young children (preoperational) learn through their actions and are not capable of abstract thought, therefore providing a variety of physical activities for smaller children is essential to any classroom schedule. Aspects of Vygotskys cognitive theory are also found in many classroom settings. An example is a classroom which has the children divided into groups, or tables. This uses Vygotskys ideas regarding use of the zone of proximal development as well as scaffolding. By placing children of varying developmental abilities together for group work, children have the ability to mentor and learn from each other through scaffolding, as well as work in their zone of proximal development. It is clear that cognitive development theories play an important role in addressing the educational needs and learning methods of children of varying stages. Through the theories provided by Piaget and Vygotsky it is possible to create a better classroom experience for not only the student but the teacher as well. When a teacher uses methods to teach children developmentally appropriate material, it makes for a more enjoyable and conducive learning environment. Thanks to such psychologists as Piaget and Vygotsky, teachers today have the tools available to them to create such an environment.

F. Scott Fitzgerald: Living the American Dream Essay -- American Dream

F. Scott Fitzgerald is one of America’s most famous authors whose works were greatly influenced by his life and his economic crises. Fitzgerald was born on September 24, 1896, in St. Paul, Minnesota. He was named after his second cousin three times removed on his fathers side: Francis Scott Key, the man who wrote the â€Å"Star- Spangled Banner†. (Bio.com) Mary â€Å"Mollie† McQuillan, Fitzgerald’s mother, was an Irish immigrant with a large inheritance. Then, his father was Edward Fitzgerald, who was a failed wicker, but later was a salesman for Procter and Gamble. (Shmoop Editorial Team) Due to his father’s failure they moved back and forth, for the first decade of his life, between Buffalo and Syracuse in upstate N.Y. His dad lost his job as a salesman when F. Scott Fitzgerald was 12 and they moved back to St. Paul living on the mothers inheritance. When F. Scott Fitzgerald was 13 when he published his first piece of writing for his school’s newspaper in 1909.(Bio.com) After Fitzgerald’s formal education he went on to Princeton University, where he wrote for Princeton Tiger and the Triangle Club.(Shmoop Editorial Team) But, he was put on academic probation for his bad grades, so he dropped out and joined the army.(Bio.com) And even in the army Fitzgerald wrote, he began a novel titled The Romantic Egoist in 1917. Unfortunately, when he sent it to his editor/publisher, Scribners, it was rejected, but Scribners encouraged him to revise it. Then, in 1918 he meets his future wife, Zelda Sayre, in Alabama while he was commissioned there.(Shmoop Editorial Team) This new beauty Fitzgerald found in Alabama is an artist, dancer, and also a writer. Although Zelda liked Fitzgerald she broke off their engagement, a year after they me... ...24 Feb. 2014. . "F. Scott Fitzgerald Biography." Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 22 Feb. 2014. . "F. Scott Fitzgerald." PBS. PBS, Mar. 2007. Web. 23 Feb. 2014. "F. Scott Fitzgerald Quotes." BrainyQuote. Xplore, n.d. Web. 24 Feb. 2014. . "The Great Gatsby: Reviews and Ratings." IMDb. IMDb.com, 10 May 2013. Web. 24 Feb. 2014. . Shmoop Editorial Team. "F. Scott Fitzgerald Timeline of Important Dates." Shmoop.com. Shmoop University, Inc., 11 Nov. 2008. Web. 23 Feb. 2014. .

cloning :: essays research papers

Cloning Imagine being a first year medical surgeon just out of the highest-ranking university in the nation. You are placed in the ER, in the Methodist Hospital building, as your days are spent saving people from the cruel realities that they are forced to live among. Day after day, you see handfuls of people coming in with a variety of gunshot, knife, and domestic violence wounds. Your troubles are easily compensated, however, by receiving over $200,000 a year, a brand new Mercedes, and a house upon the palisade shores. Suppose for a moment that one evening while you are on duty, an ambulance radios in and informs the hospital staff that they are bringing in a multiple gunshot wound victim and to prepare the ER for an immediate operation. You begin to order people around and dictate what needs to be prepared before the ambulance arrives. Finally the victim is present, only to show that he is not the average gangster or policeman, instead it is the near lifeless body of your own son. Your bl ood freezes; your brain shuts down, as you see every precious second slip away through the lifeless gaze of your child's eyes. His life and future all depend on you saving his life. He has been shot twice in the chest and his little heart is working ten fold to keep him alive. You realize that the only way to save him is an immediate heart transplant and you have not a second to lose. You yell at the assistant to find the nearest heart donor in hopes that your young son will make it through the night. Unfortunately your hopes are destroyed as the medical assistant informs you that the nearest heart donor is in Spokane, Washington 3,000+ miles away. You slowly turn to see the dying face of your son, and only wish to take the entire burden from his shoulders and hoist it upon yours. Your son gives you an unforgettable look of fear as he slips away into the gates of heaven far from his warm and safe family. You drop to your knees in tears, and you swear you could hear the voice of your deceased son say, "Why? Why didn't you save me mommy?" Similar instances are faced daily in hospitals all over the world. Children, adults, grandparents, and loved ones all come in one at a time with the hopes of survival in their heads, but with the taste of death in their mouths.

Physics, Roller Coasters

Part 1 Roller coasters Additional notes: GPE = m x g x h KE = m x v? The main energy transfers that happen as a car travels along the track from the start of the ride to the end: [1]The rollercoaster car gains gravitational potential energy (GPE) as it travels to the top. Once over the top, the car gains speed as GPE is transferred to kinetic energy (KE). As it travels to the top of another loop, KE is transferred to GPE. Not all the energy is transferred to or from GPE – some is transferred to the surroundings as heat and sound.All moving objects have kinetic energy, KE. The kinetic energy an object has depends on the mass and speed. If the mass doubles, the KE doubles and if the speed doubles, the KE quadruples. Normally energy is lost through sound and heat (friction, air resistance). How the heights of the hills are designed to allow an empty car to reach the end of the ride: [2]The hills are designed so that it is low enough that the momentum of the car from the previous drop carries it up and over the hill.This is why the hills are usually lower towards the end of the ride, because the car has lost momentum due to friction and air resistance. Mainly the consecutive hill must be lower as it will not have enough energy because some of it is lost and sound and heat. Therefore, if the car was to reach the end of the ride, the height of the hills must be lower each consecutive time. How the energy transfers determine the heights of the hills: [4] After the roller coaster is drops from the first hill it does two things with its energy.First, it begins to transform that energy from one form to another–from gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy and from kinetic energy to gravitational potential energy, back and forth. Second, it begins to transfer some of its energy to its environment, mostly in the form of heat and sound. Each time the roller coaster goes downhill, its gravitational potential energy decreases and its kinetic energy incre ases. Each time the roller coaster goes uphill, its kinetic energy decreases and its gravitational potential energy increases.But each transfer of energy isn't complete because some of the energy is lost to heat and sound. Because of this lost energy, the roller coaster can't return to its original height after coasting downhill. That's why each successive hill must be lower than the previous hill. Eventually the roller coaster has lost so much of its original total energy that the ride must end. With so little total energy left, the roller coaster can't have much gravitational potential energy and must be much lower than the top of the first hill.This is why the hills must be a certain height, in order to transfer enough GPE into KE. Bibliography: [1] http://www. bbc. co. uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_ocr_gateway/forces/themeridesrev2. shtml [2] http://science. howstuffworks. com/engineering/structural/roller-coaster3. htm [3] http://www. coasterforce. com/coasters/technical- info/physics-of-a-coaster [4] http://library. thinkquest. org/26455/amuse/roller/roller01. shtml [5] – Collins Additional Sciences B ISBN-13 978-0-00-741531-1 Colin Bell, 2011

Saving Private Ryan Сoursework

‘Saving Private Ryan' is an academy award winning film set during the time of D-Day invasion in World War 2. It was made in 1998 and was directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Robert Rodat. It was a very successful film and won 5 Oscars. Spielberg has made this film to make the audience feel the essence of war and the effects behind it. Spielberg also focussed on making it more realistic and to make the audience a part of the movie. The film is notable for its opening 24 minutes as it contains high level intensity, which depicts the Omaha beachhead assault, June 6, 1944. In this essay I will be looking at how Spielberg uses presentational devices to create ‘chaos and realism at all times. ‘ ‘Saving Private Ryan' begins with a single brass instrument playing a slow melchonly sound which gradually builds up to orchestral music. This sounds like the last stand and is reminiscent of funerals. The American flag is shown waving with light shinning through it representing patriotism, power and pride. Then a medium shot is used on an old man as he is walking towards the cemetery, in search of something, with his family walking behind him and looking at him. Then a series of establishing shots show the background imagery and a lot of crosses. The crosses are white, (symbolising innocence and purity) and are in lines as if soldiers are standing there. The camera then slowly zooms into the mans face as he has fallen to the ground, weeping beside the place he was searching for. This shows his feelings of unhappiness and shows that he is upset. This also makes the audience question, why is he in that state of emotion. The music also adds tension to the atmosphere. The sound then switches to waves and bombings as the film heads into the next scene. This scene shows a connection between the mans face, the graveyard and D-Day. It also builds tension, which is slowly portrayed with an emotional atmosphere. The next scene begins with the sound of waves crashing against Higgins boats which are taking American soldiers towards the beaches of Normandy. The audience have already been told that this action is set on June 6, 1944, the date of the d-day landings. A close up of a soldiers shaking hand is shown as he takes a drink from his water bottle. The audience may feel that he is scared, reversing the model of a typical war hero. Other closes up shots of soldiers are shown to introduce briefly the characters who will be important later in the film. The sound of soldiers vomiting and of orders being given can be heard going off. This makes the audience feel nervous on the soldier's behalf. As the doors of the boats open the audience are confronted immediately with the deaths of the soldiers. Some men slip under water to escape the bombardment and the camera follows. The sound changes as the audience see men being shot, or drowned under the weight of their own packs. An over the shoulder shot is used to show the German armies power and control as they are shooting the men. As the main character, Tom Hanks, makes his way through the beach, he goes into a state of shock as he witnesses the carnage around him. A medium shot is used to show a man searching for his arm, which has been blown off. A long shot shows the deaths of several men who are on fire. The colour of the fire stands out against the dull colours of the scene. The fact that Tom Hank's character is in a state of shock reinforces the image of a non-typical war hero. The following scene begins with a medium shot on Tom Hanks as he is brought back into reality. He looks around and sees carnage everywhere and soldiers shooting at each other. Then a long shot is used showing the imagery in the background and the essence of war. Soon after the soldiers are shown heading towards the beach, trying to get close to the Germans. This is shown in an extreme long shot which also shows the impact of them heading there and everything that was happening at the time. A medium shot is used as Captain Miller is dragging another soldier who is in pain and in desperate need of help. At this point the scene is put into slow motion as a deafening sound is played. This makes the audience feel shocked and on edge as the scene is put into slow motion. The director wants the audience to know that despite war hitting the American soldiers, they have not lost hope and courage and they are persevering with the circumstance. This shows that the Americans will continue to work with each other and try and emerge victorious against the opposing Germans. The war is then shown in several different long shots to show the chaos because of the war and to show the soldiers trying to seek refuge as some of the soldiers are in pain and agony. The close ups shows the emotions, feelings and the fear that they are having. We also see action from the Germans point of view as an over the shoulder shot is used to show the Germans advantage of shooting down at the Americans and trying to kill them. This is included to show the audience how the Germans are in control and when all the action is happening, the camera shakes, to make them feel the action. Soon after high angle shots are used to show medics on the battlefield trying to help the wounded men. Everyone is helpless as blood is scattered on the camera. The director chooses to add this to make it more realistic and exaggerated shots of soldiers being blown into pieces adds to this. Later, the Americans try to climb up the hill to shoot gunfire at the opposing soldiers at the top shooting down at them. Panning is used to show the audience what war would be like as if they were there and it makes them feel that they are involved in the action. As the American soldiers are getting into position a handheld camera is brought in to, again show the essence of war. As one soldier gets around to the side of the hill to get an accurate aim at the Germans shooting down, an extreme close up shot is used to show the level of concentration that he is using in killing the Germans. The soldier aims at the Germans and recites some prayers as he tries to get an accurate shot. He takes a deep breath before pulling the trigger of his gun and killing them. Throughout this scene, a handheld camera and panning is used as Spielberg wanted the audience to feel as part of the movie. The shooting continues in the next scene as the Americans appear to be in control. This is because they are running up the hill as the Germans at the top off the hill are still falling down. This is displayed using a medium shot. Soldiers are shown running towards their trenches in a long shot, showing that they are striving and are need of help in order to win the war despite the fact that they can now go to the top of the hill with decreased difficulty from before. This shows that they are cooperating and are working together to defeat the Germans. This symbolises to the audience that there is a ray of hope for the Americans winning. Later, German prisoners are shown being shot, as they are trying to surrender because they know that they have lost. This is shown from a medium close up angle and then is zoomed in as a close up shot so that the audience can see the agony the Germans are facing, as they are getting shot. The Americans are shown getting revenge by shooting and killing the prisoners. Spielberg chose to add this so that he could make the audience either sympathise with the Germans or feel relief and satisfaction because the allied forces are proving to be dominant at this point. Soon after screams can be heard as there are large explosions being given off, fire is everywhere burning soldiers and machine guns firing. It was carnage. The tables are turned when we see the Americans in total dominance as they begin to shoot at the German soldiers as they are shown dying and suffering. Then we see a soldier collecting sand and dust of the ground. He is holding 3 silver tins, and is filling one of them. These tins may represent three countries where he has possibly been to war at as they were labelled, Italy, Africa and France. This man is probably collecting this sand as a memorial and a remembrance to the war. One soldier is shown weeping over the death of hi fellow soldiers. He also possesses a Hitler youth knife, which could be important to him. As the scene heads for an end we see Tom Hanks in an extreme zoom in on his eyes showing his emotions as dramatic music begins to play. The battle field is shown in extreme long shots as the audience can see the devastation on it. The audience see the dead bodies scattered everywhere on the beach, with some being washed away by the shore. The scene ends with the camera zooming into Private Ryan's backpack. Saving Private Ryan is undoubtedly one of the best movies made on the d-day invasion. Spielberg clearly shows the essence of the war and has made the audience feel how war would be. The film is well known around the world and it is truly epic. It is concise to the point and the opening 24 minutes reflect on how excellent the movie is, as there is a lot of intensity. This is why it has won so many awards and nominations, topping them with 5 Oscars. Overall I think Saving Private Ryan is a great movie and Spielberg has used a wide range of camera shots and angles to get his message across to people and that is why Spielberg has been very successful with it. Spielberg clearly used a variety of presentational devices and has produced an authentic movie, which will be remembered for a long time.

Detailed commentary between Hamlet and the Ghost Essay

The play ‘Hamlet’ was written in politically tempestuous times in London. Much importance surrounded the outward support of the monarch, Elizabeth. During her reign, religion caused divisions and factions of the Protestant church considered the theatre as sinful, amoral perhaps. In his plays, Shakespeare uses his understanding of humanity to entertain by addressing love, power, loyalty, honour and friendship. These values address unchanging aspects that touch us even today. At the time of this play, Shakespeare was experimenting and developing new theatrical techniques in an attempt to impress his audiences. ‘Hamlet’, a timeless tale of murder, is intended to portray the importance of the monarchy, family dynamics, friendships and betrayals. This then is the underlying setting of the theme for ‘Hamlet’ – opening on a dark winter night, creating an ethos of suspense and intrigue while providing entertainment to an otherwise deprived audience. The conversation between Hamlet and the Ghost can be interpreted and understood in many different ways. It is strongly suggested that the repercussions of this conversation will determine the revenge -tragedy that is the essence of the play ‘Hamlet’. The Ghost begins the colloquy by psychologically manipulating Hamlet into feeling sorry for him; he does so my declaring: ‘When I to sulphurous and tormenting flames,’ thus stating he does not have much time until he has to return to his Catholic purgatory, as he was not allowed to receive the obligatory sacrament before dying: ‘Uhous’led, disappointed, unanel’d. ‘ This would provoke a religious reaction of demonising the Ghost from a predominantly Protestant audience, thus creating a degree of tension – intentionally; a manipulative technique by Shakespeare. Throughout the exchange, ostensibly, the Ghost is attempting to stimulate Hamlet’s motive for revenge on Claudius. ‘If thou didst ever thy dear father love,’ the Ghost targets Hamlet’s filial duty as a son to seek revenge on Claudius because he committed fratricide and regicide. ‘Murder most foul, as in the best it is: but this most foul, strange and unnatural,’ the Ghost further provokes Hamlet to act. Knowing that Hamlet is a procrastinator, the audience is inciting him to take action. How can the Ghost, as the repentant soul it is, ask his son to go against God’s forbiddance of revenge? -‘ Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder? ‘ The Ghost really angers Hamlet when he mentions, ‘That incestuous, that adulterate beast:’ here is where Hamlet is hurt the most, as if adding more fuel to a fire, or rubbing salt to a wound. By use of metaphorical language,’ Prey on garbage’, the Ghost intends to compare itself to the ‘Radiant angel’, Gertrude representing lust and Claudius is the ‘filth’. ‘If thou hast nature in thee, bear it not,’ this really puts Hamlet in an awkward situation; he does feel for his father and clearly wants to seek revenge, but it is clearly against his religion and nature as a person to commit murder. The Ghost’s intention – in providing such vivid detail about his death – is to stimulate and provoke action from Hamlet. Hamlet’s reaction to the Ghost is surprisingly courageous. ‘As meditation or the thoughts of love may sweep to my revenge’. This statement is bursting with courage and bravery and it seems Hamlet will act. ‘O my prophetic soul,’ Hamlet claims he had, (in hindsight) always suspected, that it was Claudius who was responsible for the death of his father, although he has not mentioned it previously. This is a display of youthful assertiveness. ‘O all you host of heaven! O earth! What else? ‘ This statement shows just how distraught Hamlet is by the convergence of having lost his father; his mother perceivably, to Claudius; his throne to Claudius and receiving instruction from a Ghost! This apparition is telling him to seek revenge on Claudius – despite the fact that it may contradict his religious beliefs. By the following non – sequitur statement: ‘O most pernicious woman,’ Hamlet spontaneously turns his attention and thoughts once again towards his mother instead of focusing on the traitor who murdered his father. In this way, he reveals his Oedipus Complex once more: ‘O villain, villain, smiling, damned villain. ‘ This statement could be referring to Claudius, the Ghost itself, or his mother. It is most probable that this statement is referring to his mother because Hamlet seems most distressed by that fact that she re-married! By Hamlet’s light – hearted reference to the Ghost,’ You hear this fellow in the cellarage,’ Shakespeare intends to diffuse the doubting attitude of the audience, adding a fleeting touch of humour, perhaps. ‘As I perchance hereafter shall think meet to put an antic disposition on. ‘ Hamlet states he will behave in an eccentric manner, to appear to have taken leave of his senses – to try and learn more about Claudius’ treachery, To catch the conscious of the King’. What Hamlet has not realised is that even if he does find out more information about his uncle’s treacherous behaviour, no one will believe him because of his perceived madness. A contemporary audience would have been disappointed with Hamlet’s decision because they would have wanted Hamlet to act and seek revenge, not to be seen to hesitate or procrastinate. ‘Thou shall not kill’ – this is Hamlet’s religious belief. Here lies a problem for Hamlet. He has already promised revenge on Claudius, ‘I have sworn’t’ without thinking about the consequences of his actions. Hamlet, as a man of God, will find it difficult nigh impossible to kill, as it goes against the will of God, but would he break oath and defy the Ghost’s will? Hamlet is in a conundrum. The longer he waits, the situation intensifies. He is a well – read scholar, familiar with the melodramatic manifestations of the genre of a revenge-tragedy and therefore he plays the role of the typical tragic protagonist well. The Ghost acts and talks as though he still is was the King, ‘My most seeming virtuous queen. ‘ Here the Ghost reiterates to Hamlet that the Queen had nothing to do with his death and he should not think ill of her. However, the Ghost categorically proclaims that Claudius is guilty, ‘And in the porches of my ears did pour the leperous distilment’ and as a consequence of this he should suffer at Hamlet’s hand. The Ghost has already decided who is to blame; who should suffer and who must die. What gives him the authority to do so? It appears that the Ghost’s main purpose is to thicken the texture of the plot and to add to the theme of revenge. The supernatural serves to add a flavour of suspense, energy and tension to the play.

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

History - Essay Example In 1850, there was the compromise, famously known as the compromise of 1850. This involved California applying to be part of the Union, this upset the balance of Free states and slaves as California sought to be a free state. The agreed compromise was that California would be admitted as a Free State translating to abolishment of slave trade in Washington D.C, however, the rest of the States won from Mexico would keep their slaves and lenient laws would be passed in this regard (Gallagher 19). In 1850, the Fugitive Slave Act was passed and this sought the assistance of Northerners in capturing runaway slaves. The Act also passed that fugitives would be arrested without warrant and would not be granted a fair trial. This read to the writing of the novel, Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Beecher Stowe’s in 1952. In 1854, the Kansas-Nebraska act was passed this gave the residents autonomy to decide their position on slavery (Gallagher 20). There was an illegal voting that translated t o a civil war this resulted after Missouri residents rigged in favor of slavery. In 1857, the Dred Scott case was heard, Dred an enslaved man argued for his freedom after his master’s death. ... In the elections of 1860, Lincoln who was a Republican won the elections. This prompted secession by the South, who had threatened to withdraw from the Union in the event Lincoln won mainly due to his stance on slavery. The southerners seceded in 1860 forming the Confederate States of America, these elected Jefferson Davis as president. The secession set the stage for a war that would put to test the strength of the American republic, the Civil War (Gallagher 21). How & Why the Union defeated the confederacy Going into the war, the North had some definite advantages. One of the advantages was in the numbers; the North had 22 million people compared to the population of 9 million in the South. Out of the 9 million people in the South only 5.5 million of them were whites. The other advantage was in the industry capacity, by the time of the war the North was producing 94% of the total firearms present in the United States. The Confederates had to rely on firearms supplied by the Europea n trade partners. The trade would later be suppressed by the Union (Gallagher 30). The Union used its superior naval machinery to disrupt the trade which largely took place in the sea. Finally, the Union benefited from the fact that four slave states stack with the Union, these were Delaware, Missouri, Maryland and Kentucky. Abraham Lincoln’s role Abraham Lincoln was the president of United States at the time of cessation by the Southerners, also referred to as the Confederate States. Being the president, he felt he had a duty to protect the Union and ensure that all the States remained United. Therefore, his main role in the Civil War was his stance that the secession was illegal. By declaring it illegal, he set the stage for the War