Learning Styles Essay

Learning styles can be described as various ways to approach learning. There is the auditory learner, who learns best from hearing the curriculum said aloud, the tactile kinesthetic learner, who learns best being physically involved with the lesson, and then there is the visual learner. The definition of a visual learner is someone who learns ideas, concepts, and data through images and techniques. I am a visual learner because I learn best by seeing information first hand, which made my Economics class difficult, but I have learned to develop strategies for success. Certain qualities define me as a visual learner. I need quiet study time to focus on my thoughts, have great instinctive direction, and can easily visualize objects when they are described to me. I can easily memorize what I read and write and remember information well when I see it in front of me. Images, such as diagrams and charts, along with written lessons also help visual learners. I observe all physical elements in a classroom. When talking about historical events, it helps to have a time line to see when events occurred. When I have teachers who display notes on a Power Point or give a hard copy to go along with the lesson, it helps me to learn better. Only hearing the information given aloud makes it challenging for me to remember the theories they teach. These are the characteristics that distinguish me as a visual learner. My economics class in high school was challenging for me. The teacher was very vocal, and preferred to give information aloud, rather then show us. This was very hard for me because I had to pay very close attention and take notes in order to grasp the concept. This class was every weekday for 6 months, so it was very difficult for me to adjust, but I knew I had to if I wanted to succeed the class. Most of my grade was based on quizzes from the curriculum, so I really had to work hard to study and learn the curriculum to pass the class. Having a textbook to go along with the teacher was helpful, but could not replace learning from a teacher. I would have to look through the book after each lesson in class and study from the book to make sure I understood. Although it was difficult, I adapted to the new learning style. To help me be successful in school, I have adapted certain techniques to study. When I take notes, I can study by rewriting them later because when I write something over and over, it can help implant the topic in my brain. When it is allowed, I try to record lectures so in case I miss something while the teacher is talking, I can listen to it again later to  make sure I understand everything. Strategies like flashcards and visual cues are also helpful because I can look at them as many times as I need until I am sure I fully know the lesson. Making outlines after a class can help me to organize notes. When reading material, highlighting and underlining important parts in the text visually emphasizes what will be helpful to know. Making lists can help me catalog my thoughts in an organized manner. Videos related to the topic I am studying is another tool I can use. These are some of the ways I have trained myself to learn from any teaching style. Knowing my learning style and ways I can help myself succeed will be very helpful to me though college. I know I will have a variety of classes and teachers who will teach in ways that may not be the easiest. I can learn to study and grasp information in the way that will be most helpful to me. By studying other learning styles other than my own, I can learn to adapt to the way other teachers educate and succeed in all areas.

Education †Gymnasium Essay

Title Education is everywhere in the world. Individuals are learning here and there. Everyone would agree that education is a fundamental way of life. Education is obtained learning from multiple people such as parents, friends, teachers and even other surroundings. Every individual is educated and taught differently. Education should be built not only on the text that lies within a book, but should also be base with everyday life. Agree on McCullough and Oliphant perspectives because grades and how life is not revolved around grades. | Grades should not be based on how smart an individual is. Although Oliphant â€Å"Letter to a B Student† wrote â€Å"Your performance is generally assumed to correspond to the knowledge you have acquired and will retain (137). † They could be really intelligent or ignorant, but the letter grade they receive defines who they are. The letter grade that most individuals want to receive is an A, but others settle for the best they can receive. In McCullough speech â€Å"You’re Not Special† he says â€Å"Where good is no longer good enough, where a B is the new C, and where the midlevel curriculum is called Advanced College Placement (McCullough). † Even the ones that try their hardest on something might have a difficult time trying to comprehend the material. They worry about the grade they might receive and it stresses them out. There are individuals that just brush off or brag about the grade they received to make the others feel bad about themselves. For example, one student might have taken an exam that they studied for and failed; the other student did not study and passed. Individuals like to brag about their grades that they probably do not deserve. | How life is not revolved around grades because it is more than that to life. Oliphant said â€Å"Your grade does not represent a judgment of your basic ability or of your character (137). † People think that individuals such as students that do not make a high grade that they are not trying their best at what they are doing. There are a lot of wealthy people that are wealthy without grades defining them. Some of them could have made low grades when they were younger and people said they would not be successful it because they are failing everything. There are a handful of successful individuals that did not make it far in school, but is doing something good with their life. Individuals should not judge people because of several failing grades they could be more intelligent than everyone thinks they are. McCullough talks about â€Å"You’re not special, because everyone is (McCullough). †In conclusion, grades should not define a person on what they make on a paper. People should not judge a person by a low grade or high grade. Agreeing with McCullough and Oliphant perspectives. People are more intelligent than individuals think they are. | Works CitedMcCullough, David. â€Å"You’re Not Special. † Myfoxboston. com. Fox Television Stations, Inc. 6 June 2012. Web. 22 Feb. 2013. Oliphant, Robert. â€Å"Letter to a B Student. † Writing on the River: An Anthology. 3rd ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2012. 136-142. Print.

Elaboration Theory in Learning Psychology Essay

The concept of elaboration theory centers greatly on progressive learning. That is, the steps in learning are built upon each other in a series of increasingly complex steps. In other words, rather than plateau the learning progress, it increases in complexity as time goes on. However, what was learned in the earlier portion of the progression is not discarded. So, the concept of elaboration can be visualized as an upside down pyramid. It starts at a small point and expands. However, the progression is always connected to its origination point. An example of this is as follows: a student is taught basic sentence structure. Then, the basics of sentence structure are expanded into the proper way to devise a paragraph. This later extends further as the students is taught to the create a series of paragraphs that form a coherent essay. An essay can later be expanded into a lengthy research paper. Really, there is no limit to the progression as long as it never deviates from the origination point of proper grammar and structure. Why theorists recommend that learners elaborate as much as possible. Many theorists believe that the elaboration theory provide a cohesive approach to learning. This provides for an increase in retention and overall improvements in learning. How schemas and scripts are often involved in elaboration. The way schemas and scripts work in the realm of elaboration is that they involve the individual’s prior accumulation of knowledge. This can be a help or a hindrance depending upon whether the prior knowledge improves or impedes the facilitation of new knowledge. Why different people may elaborate differently on the same information. Different people may have different strengths and weaknesses. They also may have different goals for learning the material. Since elaboration is a process and not a product, it is understandable that different approaches to present the same material are needed. Why elaboration sometimes leads to the storage of inaccurate information. No system of learning is perfect and elaboration theory is not free of such problems. One possible reason that elaboration theory can lead to inaccurate information is because the progression of learning goes off on tangents. If this occurs, then it may prove difficult to develop a coherent learning paradigm.

Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

Dissertation Example Based on the discussion of the results of these statistics, a few recommendations like improved customer relations, improved the additional amenities, improved supply chain management and other retail management methods, following government guidelines like PPG6 and Town Centre Partnerships. Chapter 1 - Research Introduction 1.1. Chapter Introduction : 1.2. Research Scenario: 1.3. Aim and Objectives of the Research : 1.4. Research Questions and Hypotheses: 1.5. Scope of the Research: 1.6. Research methodology: 1.7. Research Organization: 1.8. Chapter conclusion: Chapter 2 - Literature Review 2.1. Introduction: 2.2. The Retail scenario: 2.3. Impact of globalisation: 2.4. Retail changes in UK and Cyprus: 2.5. Impact of changes on small supermarkets: 2.6. Steps to recover the Town Centres / small supermarkets : 2.7. Chapter conclusion: Chapter 3 – Research Methodology 3.1. Introduction: 3.2. ... Primary data processing and data presentation 4.3. Descriptive statistics of the Research data: 4.4. Histogram and Tally analysis: 4.4.1. Histogram and Tally analysis of questions towards customers: 4.4.2. The Histogram and Tally analyses of the questions towards retail owners: 4.5. Correlation analysis: 4.6. Chapter Conclusion: Chapter 5 – Discussion and Recommendation 5.1. Discussion based on statistical Analysis: 5.2. Recommendations: Chapter 6 - Research Conclusion Chapter 1 - Research Introduction 1.6. Chapter Introduction : This chapter introduces the research concept in terms of the research background and the scope of the research work. The aim of the research, main research question, research hypotheses are introduced to give an in depth understanding of the purpose of this research. Finally the pattern of organizing this research work has also been given. 1.7. Research Scenario: During the past decades the shopping trends among people have changed tremendously. The p eople who were purchasing from market towns have started their shopping in out of town large super markets. This transition from traditional shopping to shopping under globalized and monopolized conditions was quite noticeable during the transitional period in the UK from 1950’s. The concept of supermarkets (all under one roof) was emerged that, indeed, provided greater variety, accessibility and choice of products to potential customers. The phenomenal growth of out-of-town supermarkets because of changing lifestyles of people all across the world (this will be elaborated in chapter one) compelled British government to conduct its own survey in September 1998 on nine market town locations in Britain to know the impact of these new supermarkets on small businesses and markets in

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

International Business - Essay Example who pointed to the small current-trade between Canada and Mexico, Mexican competition with Canadian goods in US markets and the supposed failure of the then existing Canadian-US trade agreement. Today, after sixteen years does the Canadian experience confirm the fears of the critics or did NAFTA live up to the expectations? For Canada, the NAFTA is an improvement on its previous trade agreement with the United States – the Canada-US Free Trade Agreement (CUFTA) - in a number of respects. Canada now has an extension of duty drawbacks and greater discipline over standards, which should reduce border conflicts with the US. I would like to underscore, as well that the best part of the agreement in my opinion is that Canada, along with the US and Mexico have the same low or zero most favored nation tariff on imports such as computers. This old custom union model has huge advantages because rules of origin are not required for trade in that product within the union. In addition, Canada also reaps some benefits in the area of agriculture. Between 1991 and 2002, Canadian exports absorbed by the United States rose from 39 to 67 percent. (Volrath 2004) The Canadian oil is also gobbled up exclusively by the United States along with its underlying strategic political mileage for the country. On the economic side, investments also poured in, particularly those from foreign companies who want to access the NAFTA market. In a way, this fact provides an argument against those NAFTA critics who argue that investment is lost to Mexico due to cheap labor. As it is, there are countries and firms who prefer Canada over Mexico because the country’s labor pool is skilled and educated; and over the US, because of the appeal of lower costs and a moderate tax regime. This is underscored by the tremendous rise in the foreign direct investment in the country. Annual figures during the first seven years of NAFTA reflected an average of $21.4 billion investment s for the country, almost

Globalising with a local flair Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Globalising with a local flair - Essay Example â€Å"The globalisation of markets has certainly accelerated through almost universal acceptance of the democratic free enterprise model and new communication technologies, including satellites and the Internet† (Cateora 2005). However, many of these companies that are inexperienced in marketing overseas incorrectly assume that their products or services will be easily accepted in foreign markets. Even when remaining concentrated within a single country or when marketing their goods to countries individually, companies facing international competitors will fare better if they have a global perspective in mind. As mentioned by Cateora, all these companies are or will be affected by competitive activity in the global marketplace (2005). To illustrate this concept, Cateora relates the story of US-based General Electric Lighting, who dominated the US lighting market until its rival, Westinghouse, sold its operations to Philips Electronics of Holland. Philips was then able to come in to the US market to compete from a stronger marketing position. Based on the experiences of companies such as General Electric Lighting and others, all companies that operate in international marketing arenas should adopt a modified globalisation strategy that includes a wide range of standardized products, but remains open to small market-specific variations designed to satisfy consumer needs, wants and tastes in smaller regions.

The difference between coaching and psychotherapy Essay

The difference between coaching and psychotherapy - Essay Example In coaching, the practitioner helps its clients to access those information, skills and wisdom that they already have to make decisions, about which changes they would like to make; to develop a personal "action plan" in order to make those changes, to implement the action plan, and lastly to develop strategies to maintain the changes they make. The client will have to set the agenda for coaching. Psychotherapy, on the other hand, is a health care service focusing on identifying and treating diagnosable psychological disorders. The goals of psychotherapy include awakening hope, re-accessing mental well-being and encouraging changes that support mental well-being. Coaching uses variety of techniques and practices to help clients quickly produce desired results even more than they would do on their own. Psychotherapy also has techniques to help their clients but it is a slow process. The focus of coaching is on results as opposed to symptoms or psychology, yet clearly coaching is about relating to and impacting people. Therapy, while it should and will often create results, focuses on healing psychological or situational pain or distress. Typical reasons people seek coaching are: to clarify goals, to start something new, to create and execute one's vision, when life is out of balance when one cannot enjoy their success and when one is in transition. These are not "medically necessary" reasons but all potentially will be life enhancing. Traditional psychodynamic psychotherapy is past-based, working on feelings and events that have already occurred. Coaching may also focus specifically on areas which therapy would not, such as balance, strategic planning or life planning. These might be the product of a successful psychotherapy but not the focus. Coaching is collaboration between coach and client. Therapy is an expert relationship in which the therapist has greater power. Increasingly therapy is a three-way relationship in which an insurance company knows the client's issues and has a say. Coaching is future-oriented and designed to move the client towards an outcome. It can also be process oriented. Psychotherapy is process oriented. Coaches cannot take up the tasks of therapy. There is a need of lot of technical work. Therapists can and frequently do "coach" their clients - particularly in long-term relationships after the major psychological work has been done. Therapists, in fact, can be the best coaches because of their training in listening skills A coach will sometimes guide individuals toward increased awareness of how their thoughts and emotional reactions lead to problematic behaviors in the workplace. Therapy may share coaching's goals of improved personal effectiveness and increased awareness of problematic thoughts and emotional reactions that may impede work effectiveness. But therapy also addresses non-work aspects of an individual's life and may involve in-depth explorations of the client's history, and their key relationships with parents and other family members - issues that may be only tangentially related to business effectiveness. The coach training offerings vary from a few days to a full year. In order to take on the deeper self exploration common to the therapeutic situation counselors and therapists require an extensive training typically far in excess of coach training. Psychotherapy and counseling

Reflection on skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Reflection on skills - Essay Example Humans gain different types of skills and knowledge in their courses of life experiences and formal learning. What is most important is what remains and is retained for purposes of applying it in the workplace. This essay is an explanation of the skills and knowledge I have acquired before and currently as a human resource student in our university class and an application of all these in workplace. An important knowledge I have acquired in the university is an understanding of leadership dynamics in the context of an organisation. Many other things in an organisation undergo change over time and so are the organisation’s leadership expected to change. Â  The shift from being static to dynamic/changeable is motivated by the need to achieve better performance whereas the push for better performance in many organisations is driven by the existing competition. This calls for the delivery of very quality services or production of quality products. This objective is normally well achieved through continuous innovation and creativity in the organisation. Agbor (2008) explains that leaders in organisations are sources and catalysts to innovation and creativity. An organisation’s leadership can be able to drive creativity by encouraging and managing diversity. This means the leaders should initiate a change in the organisation’s culture. According to Zaccaro (2001), the leadership structure of an organisation should be one that can support and sustain innovation process in the organisation. This means that necessary changes should be made to this structure. According to Zaccaro (2001), the factor of time is very important for leaders and this means leaders of an organisation have to choose wisely their time-orientation. This decision is very important considering the limited resource in many organisations. For example, long-term leadership perspectives are aimed at long term prosperity. Short-term orientation is important when aiming at immediate results and pay-offs. This usually becomes a good option if the organisation operates under social systems that are complex and insecure. However, leadership dynamics requires that organisation’s leaders should be able to adapt to the two perspectives because one perspective exploits the resources of the organisation. As an assistant manager, I was able to use time orientation skill in making long-term and short term decisions in the shoe company in response to existing organisation’s needs. I had to make a consideration of the available resources. According to Dyer (1999) competencies refer to context-specific behaviours that define success in a particular setting. I have come to acquire knowledge on diverse professional and personal HR competencies through this course. These competencies are grouped into core, role-specific and role leadership and management competencies, and personal attributes. The core HR professional competencies include compliance, stewardship, coaching and consulting , customer focus, technology expertise, talent, vendor and knowledge management, virtual teamwork, employee advocacy and , assessment and measuring skills (Brockbank and Ulrich, 2003). Â   According to Ramlall, (2006), personal attributes/competencies include result orientation, continuous leadership, commitment, and honesty and integrity. Leadership and management competencies include vision alignment, strategic thinking, resource management, networking, process excellence, teamwork, goal setting and performance development (Brockbank and Ulrich, 2003). Â  As an administrator in a beer factory, I utilised the HR competencies I had acquired during my past learning and online research to respond to customer needs. I did this in a way that adds value to the organisation while developing significant customer satisfaction. I also made sure that I handled employee issues in a way that it kept or increased their motivation no matter the situation. I am also knowl edgeable on the importance of practical and creative thinking skills in relation to HR. HR require

Ethnography of Soup Kitchen Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethnography of Soup Kitchen - Essay Example The area turned out to be dissimilar in different aspects ranging from the physical appearance to the level of professionalism incorporated. In the situation such as that of the soup kitchen, there are elements of favour-seekers, lawbreakers and the corrupt. Hence, all these form the broader category of the opportunistic members of the society. The society presents a conventional culture stipulating favour to the visitors. The situation is real when the group enters the House of Bread for the research. As earlier proposed by one of the group members, the people at the restaurant are perceived as welcoming. The researchers are accorded profound priority of accessing the critical section of the kitchen and performing the serving tasks. This aspect concurs with the typical human psychology with a lurking intention of seeking generosity perception on the recipient of favour. The scenario at the cafeteria upholds the family culture, but not necessarily related to each. There is a group of persons who seem familiar to each other, yet they come from different locations. These individuals form particular types of families as a result of meeting at the House of Bread. The situation is ordinary among people since they are social beings, and their frequent meetings at this institution allow them to understand each better because they have common interests. These groups would always segregate themselves from other people who do not belong to their inner circles to embrace their preferences. Concerning the authority in the soup kitchen, the rules are notably relaxed due to the weaknesses attributed to by the enforcers. The staff members and the volunteers opted to act as the overseers of the processes in the soup kitchen, yet they manifest numerous facets of irresponsibility. They are the authority figures of the establishment and run the entire show, although the kitchen’s rules are remarkably relaxed and beneficial towards the guests. Nonetheless, there is an under standing that guests are the most fundamental group that is worth the considerations by the soup kitchen authority. The House of Bread regards the guests as their employers and act at their favour in the hotel. In the assessment, it was noticed that there is evident favouritism at the benefit of the guests. Most of the guests were served according to their wishes. For instance, at the coffee serving point, the maximum number of scoops was three, yet many guests would prefer four or five and the patrons are reluctant to restrict the actions. Imperatively, there exists another breed among the House of Bread users who have the full knowledge of the kitchen processes and the staff implying that they were regular visitors. This scenario is common in a normal society for its completion. The hidden motive of this group is to seek favour of the House of Bread formalities. Conclusion The research incorporated assumptions derived by notions concerning the House of Bread cafeteria. Eventually, there was a conflict of presumptions’ with reality. The study disapproved the thought that the institution was a food bank that only helped the unprivileged members of the society. The study led to the understanding that the institution is meant for every individuals. When the researchers reach the cafeteria, they realize that the place accommodates everyone in spite of age, religion or social class. There was also an initial assumption that volunteers will be optimistic because working in the cafeteria

Credit Card Fraud in the UK Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Credit Card Fraud in the UK - Research Paper Example In 1946, John Biggins’ introduced the first bank card called â€Å"Charge-It† which allowed account holders at Biggins bank located in Brooklyn to purchase. The bill is forwarded to Biggins and Biggins pay the merchant, then charge their account holders in return. In 1951, the same system was also adopted by Franklin National Bank in New York. Both systems worked the same but use was limited locally. Diners Club Card was introduced through the initiative of Frank McNamara and his partner Ralph Schneider. By 1951, there were about 20,000 cardholders of Diners Club (Woolsey and Gerson, 2009). It was estimated that the cost of credit card fraud in the United States amounts to around US$750-830 million in 2006 alone or globally at 7 cents per $100 transaction (Mercator Advisory Group, 2008). In 2007, it has been reported that estimate of losses caused by credit card fraud reached some $52.6 billion. Credit card fraud is the misuse of a credit card through theft or another payment system through the illegal source of funds with the purpose to obtain funds or goods without bearing the payment. Physical cards may be stolen or identity data and other relevant information may have been compromised to allow the commission of credit card fraud. Usually, the legitimate cardholder may not be aware of the fraud, and neither does the institution that issued the card (Levi, Bissell, and Richardson, 1991). The cardholder may only start to become aware of theft or fraud once a billing statement has been received which is not delivered daily or weekly, but usually every month (Levi, Bisse ll, and Richardson, 1991).

Connections Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Connections - Essay Example Generally, protests are carried out against immoral and unjust actions. If protests are violent, they could be immoral themselves or a source of injustice. Therefore, they will not be effective because they are like the very thing that they are protesting against. Due to this, non-violent protests are more effective than violent protests. The first historical example which comes to mind is the British colonialism of the United States. The Americans could not peacefully protest against this because the British had an army behind them and violently opposed any protests to their presence in the United States. Therefore, the only form of protest which could achieve the removal of the British from America was violence. The second historical example which comes to mind is the secession of the Confederate States. The North and all Americans who opposed the division of their country into two could not protest against this in a non-violent way. The confederate states had gathered their armies and had declared their secession from the United States of America. The only way that this development could be reversed was through violence, which means that protest had to take the form of military confrontation. The type of direct action which martin Luther King called for was peaceful protest in the form of sit-ins and marches.

Annotated Bibliography Essay Example for Free

Annotated Bibliography Essay In this report, Hanna Rosin argues that increasing taxes on junk foods may encourage people to purchase healthy fruits and vegetables instead of high-fat, sugary snacks. According to Rosin, researchers have conducted experiments that tested whether people would choose low-priced healthy foods over regular-priced junk foods in vending machines and in high schools. In each experiment, she contends, sales of low-calorie snacks, fruits, and vegetables increased, and sales of unhealthy foods decreased. These experiments, in the author’s opinion, suggest that increasing the cost of junk foods may promote healthy food choices. Schlosser, Eric. Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2001. According to Eric Schlosser, author of Fast Food Nation (2001), the fast-food industry â€Å"took root alongside that interstate highway system, as a new form of restaurant sprang up beside the off-ramps. † Fast food operators established restaurants in strategic places, targeting busy intersections and commercial hubs. Schlosser said that McDonald’s, the largest fast-food chain in the world, is in fact one of the world’s largest buyers of satellite photography, using it to predict the direction of suburban sprawl. With the apparent â€Å"ubiquitousness† and the intense advertising schemes, Schlosser and other critics have feared that fast food does not only capitalize to attract us in spending our hard-earned money to buy their products, but they also act irresponsibly in failing to adequately inform consumers of the health risks involved in eating fast food. Fox, M. K. , Hamilton, W. and Lin, B. H.(2004). Effects of Food Assistance and Nutrition Programs on Health and Nutrition vol. 3, Literature Review, Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Report no. 19-3. Washington: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. In this report, Fox et al. (2004) revealed that the U. S. Congress has recently allowed after-school programs in seven statesDelaware, Illinois, Michigan, Missouri, New York, Oregon, and Pennsylvaniato serve suppers as well as snacks to children in areas where more than 50 percent of the children qualify for free or reduced-price school meals. With this program, some low-income children may eat three meals and a snack every weekday during the school year from federal food programsa fact that highlights both the growing importance of the federal child nutrition programs for children in low-income families and the need to ensure that the foods these programs serve are consistent with the recommendations in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Graham, Rob and Kingsley, Sarah Williams. New Study Finds That Food is the Top Product Seen Advertised by Children – Among All Children, Tweens See the Most Food Ads at More than 20 a Day. Kaiser Family Foundation. 28 Mar 2007. 06 Nov 2007. http://www. kff. org/entmedia/entmedia032807nr. cfm. This news report revealed that childhood obesity is related to food advertising target children. Policymakers in Congress, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), and agencies such as the Institute of Medicine (IOM) have clamored to have necessary changes in the advertising unhealthy foods. In the report entitled Food for Thought: Television Food Advertising to Children in the United States, the Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF) found that tweens ages 8-12 see the most food ads on TV, an average of 21 ads a day, or more than 7,600 a year. Teenagers see slightly fewer ads, at 17 a day, for a total of more than 6,000 a year. Of all food ads in the study that target children or teens, 34% are for candy and snacks, 28% are for cereal, and 10% are for fast foods. Four percent are for dairy products and 1% for fruit juices. Alarmingly, of all the 8,854 ads reviewed in their study, there were none for fruits or vegetables targeting children or teens. Schlafly, Phyllis. Fat Kids: Who’s Responsible? Eagleforum, 17 Sept 2003. 06 Nov 2007. http://www. eagleforum.org/column/2003/sept03/03-09-17. shtml. This position by Phyllis Schlafly declared that â€Å"public schools must take a big share of responsibility for the current epidemic of childhood obesity†. Schlafly maintained that rather than contributing to childhood obesity by providing easy access to junk foods and sodas, schools must take action to reduce it. In her opinion, schools exert a powerful influence over what children eat and the amount of time they spend exercising, and could thus be a powerful force in fighting obesity.

Evolution Of Media And Entertainment Consumption Habits Media Essay

Evolution Of Media And Entertainment Consumption Habits Media Essay The Media Entertainment (ME) sector comprises the creation, aggregation and distribution of content, more specifically news, information, advertising and entertainment through a number of channels and platforms. The combination of new digital distribution modalities and evolving audience consumption habits and demands has continued to challenge traditional ME business models during 2009. It also could mark the initiation of a drastic transformation that reshapes the entire ME ecosystem. There seems to be a stiff competition as far as the media industry is concerned, with industry players battling for the eye-balls of the viewers and readers. In this rat race, only those ME companies will survive that are able to rapidly identify and react to the evolving demands and consumption patterns of end users. As the time has evolved, ME consumption has undergone a paradigm shift. During old days the entertainment through media typically meant a few grainy channels on the television or tuning into limited stations on the radio or else gorging on stale news from newspaper or reading a hard copy of a book. In those days, outdoors were more welcoming. Today, one is connected to the world through plenty of hi-tech networked means. As the consumers have changed, so has the media (Kenneth A., 2009: 3). Advancing technology has been the single biggest factor behind this resurgence. The same technology has also created cultural shifts. Now consumers have understood their power and have become more demanding. Earlier they would adjust their daily routine according to the availability of the content. Today, the providers have to wrap up their broadcasting and publishing as per the consumer choices and conveniences. With the growing popularity of tools like cell phones that enable pulling of media software, media has become location agnostic. The use of social sites has to be seen as a game changer. At any given point people are exchanging notes with each other about media content and the death or survival of published or broadcast content are decided in fraction of seconds. Consumers have liberalized themselves from limitations and are enjoying greater choices and enlarged personal freedoms as far as media and entertainment are concerned. Along with independence, consumption has also significantly gone up. This has led to a double edged challenge for the suppliers-great returns and significant risks. In the era of technology shifts it is imperative that only those media and entertainment entities that enable themselves to rapidly identify and act to the growing demands and consumption patterns of end users will survive (Bill, 2005: 26) . There is a single measure that can enable these companies decipher complex customer requirements-information. The key is to filter through this information using analytical tools and gather intelligence that can be effectively used. In nutshell, ability to apply intelligence and creation and sustenance of loyalty among its consumer will be the major deciding criteria that will enable media companies to achieve success in an increasingly competitive marketplace. There appears to be plenty of ways in which the users can access and enjoy diverse media and entertainment content due to its mass availability. The cost of switching is also low for end users who want to switch to new content providers or media and entertainment companies. The greatest challenge in the media industry seems to be the changing loyalties of consumers forcing them to identify ways of tailoring content in compelling, highly targeted ways (Kenneth A., 2009: 6). 2. Factors Shaping Consumer Behavior 2.1 Quality of Content Todays well informed consumers expect a spectrum of content granularities. Their demands may change depending on the time, their device/network characteristics, and even their moods. This forces the providers to customize content so that fits within the media consumption patterns of the consumer. 2.2 Structure of Tariff Model Even though certain content will always be paid for, tariff remains a debatable issue. The users want low fee for themselves and expect the companies to generate most of the content through advertisements. In reality lot of content particularly on the online media are co-created between the company and the consumer. This challenges the companies to design superior quality, customized content and charge the consumer less for the same. 2.3 Timing of Attention In spite of variety new digital content that has replaced earlier scarcities along with easy access the only issue that has emerged seems to have been that of user attention. For the content providers, getting user attention has been nothing short of a battle. 2.4 Real Time Experiences The evolution of real-time business intelligence is enabling mass-customization of content and entertainment that delivers highly personalized and engaging experiences, consumers are demanding more. 2.5 Competition ME companies have been forced into transitioning into non-traditional roles. Networks are providing content online to consumers, bypassing traditional cable or satellite distribution; telecom companies are competing with cable via Internet Protocol television platforms; and cable companies are competing with telecom companies with voice over IP. As competition and churn rate increases, customer data analysis can provide competitive advantage for customer retention. (Barlow, 2009) 3. Impact of Changing Media Consumption Habits on Media Industry Rapidly changing consumer tastes and increasing digitization has created a number of industry-wide challenges. Some of these are protecting intellectual property, continuing historical revenue streams and finding ways to utilize and monetize emerging new platforms for traditional content including print, filmed entertainment, and recorded music as well as user-generated content and other new services, applications and formats that compete for consumer mindshare and time. 3.1 Gaming The interactive gaming sub-sector has enjoyed tremendous growth because of changing demographics. Increasingly gamers are older and there is significant growth in number of female population engaging in idle time. Introduction of new growth segments like mobile and online gaming, successful titles and the phenomenon of in-game advertising, resulted in gaining mass popularity for this new medium (Kenneth, 2009: 3). 3.2 Entrainment Companies Growth of multiplex culture in upcoming metros and option of entertaining oneself at home through DVDs, home theatre systems, has forced filmed entertainment companies to embrace the digital distribution business. The traditional ME players are struggling to understand and exploit new distribution windows, metrics and economics. However, as long as the demand for professionally-produced content remains high, the filmed entertainment industry will continue to evolve and find new ways to monetize their content. 3.3 Broadcasters Since traditional networks and broad-based cable networks own very little of their content and their advertising-based business being centred on attracting eyeballs and reselling attention, they are greatly impacted by shift in audience preferences. On the other hand, most themed cable networks have targeted subject matter and audiences and, hence, have an opportunity to extend their brands into products, events, etc. 3.4 Print Media Reduced cash flows caused by the migration of readers and advertising dollars to the Internet, compounded by 2008s economic downturn, are threatening newspapers very existence. Major consolidations may be their only avenue to existence. (Kenneth, 2009: 5) 3.5 Music With introduction of high tech electronics gadgets like mobiles, ipods, MP3 players containing dedicated software for superior quality of music and growing number of radio stations the music sub-sector is being forced to transform. There has been a wave of publicity surrounding new audio sources such as satellite and iPods, which may lead some to believe that traditional over-the-air radio services are losing a significant portion of its audience to these new choices. Currently, 20% of Americans subscribe to satellite radio, own an iPod/MP3 device or listened to Internet radio in the past week, compared with the 95% of Americans who listened to radio during the week. The sub-sector will continue to see decreased revenues for years to come and there is substantial likelihood of tomorrows music industry to be very different from what it is today. (Bill, 2005: 20) 4. The imperatives for the Media Entertainment industry: Media market is a heterogeneous mixture of human beings with multi-variant economic, cultural, social and political characteristics. This is the market whose consumption pattern should be responded to by appropriate production levels if the media industry is to remain in business; since capitalist production can only make sense when converted to monetary terms at the end of the process. Even public service media companies like state television and radio broadcasting need to produce according to viewers and listeners tastes if the policy objectives of their formation are to be realized (Bill, 2005: 24). 5. Recommendations for ME companies 5.1 Content Digitization Today digital is in while analog is out. ME companies should transform all content in digital format so that it can be quickly edited, stored, combined with other digitized content and rapidly repurposed as needed. Content needs to be tagged through a metadata framework which enables its easy location, identification and helps in determining digital rights permissions. It is vital to have smooth collaboration from pre-production through post-production all along the value chain. 5.2 Flexible Business Models With media and entertainment consumption pattern undergoing rapid shifts, traditional business models are becoming obsolete and thus unable to fully capitalize on the available opportunities or counter threats in contemporary market. In such case, adoption of flexible and evolving business models will help ME companies to sustain competition (Newman, 1991: 215). 5.3 Targeted Audience Revenue, especially through advertising can be maximized if consumption patterns could be effectively analyzed and identified. This will aid the ME players to break down larger segments into interest-specific fragments and deliver truly targeted and less intrusive advertising. 5.4 Active Participation through User-Generated Content The knack to actively engage its consumers and create a connect would give any media entities the ultimate competitive advantage. It has also been observed that engaged customers have the probability to be loyal. They consume more content, evangelize for content and services they use, and can act as a barometer for cultural and technological change (Bill, 2005: 23) 5.5 Content Protection and Consumer Privacy Development of grey market, piracy and unauthorized copying must be carefully controlled and digital rights must be enforced in order to protect the interest of ME players. Also, to actively engage customers and encourage incoming content in various forms (including comments, rating etc), it is crucial to ensure that unauthorized dissemination of information or access to such information will be restricted only to authorized audience. Thus implementing privacy controls have become very important. (Barlow, 2009) 5.6 Mergers and Acquisitions The business will react structurally to the changes in consumption if such a structural adjustment will give the company more leverage to compete effectively in order to maximise returns or survive the attrition of market forces. If consumption decreases and threatens viability, one method that is adopted by a company is to merge with others in the same media business and eliminate redundant structures from the resultant new company. This reduces overheads. Other structural changes that can be implemented as a reaction to threatening reduction in consumption are hostile or friendly take-overs. For example, Viacom and CBS merged to form the third largest media company Viacom-CBS after Time Warner and Disney. (Newman, 1991: 213) 5.7 Improvement in Distribution Network A company might also decide to improve its distribution networks. It may acquire distribution companies of the media in question, in order to achieve better coordination between production and sales, and to benefit from the resultant synergies and from the economies of scale in distribution. A company may even control al phases involved from the production of content to its sale. If it is music, these phases could be composition, recording, and packaging into CDs, DVDs or VHS video cassettes and transportation to retail outlets. This vertical integration achieves better utilisation of resources and higher production efficiencies, thereby cutting costs and increasing sales revenue, and makes the company compete better in the oligopoly. (Curran and Gurevitch, 2002: 137) 5.8 Incorporate the on-demand media lifestyle into programming decisions Young adults are most engaged by on-demand media devices and behaviours. As teens and young adults mature and on-demand media devices become more prevalent, consumers desire to control their media use is likely to spread. Marketers need to work now on strategies that will cut through in an increasingly on-demand media world. Consumers want media to fit their schedule, and they are adopting new devices and media to meet that need. Traditional media should consider playing first-run programs more than once, provide consumers with content online in addition to over-the-air, and partner with on-demand media services. (Bill, 2005: 23) 5.9 Make listening and viewing experiences more compelling through Internet Internet media incorporate several elements that appeal to young consumer, including programming not easily found on traditional media, fewer commercials and a wide variety of content. Therefore, Internet broadcasters need to continue to focus on providing unique programming that generates greater consumer passion for their medium. Internet advertising needs to expand beyond banners, search and pop-ups. Internet users are becoming more sophisticated and are learning to block much of the current advertisements and spyware. Internet broadcast advertising with Internet radio and visual ads attached to video content cannot be skipped or avoided, and may prove to be a vital part of the Internet experience. (Bill, 2005: 29) 6. Summary Production is a function of labour, capital and space and from economic theories, supply is related to demand. For any commercial media business, making profit is the primary concern, and therefore consumption determines cultural production. There are many factors that come into play when examining consumption of media. The macro economic situation of the target market, the real salaries, the educational levels, the attributes like age, gender, children, population densities, social classes, political beliefs and cultural aspects like language and religious beliefs, influence consumption which in turn determines production of media content and their products. The consumption levels caused by all these attributes and factors are different, since the informational, educational, entertainment and leisure requirements are different across diverse economic, political, social and cultural strata. Production strategies and content are modelled by management of media companies from the consumption patterns caused by these characteristics (Curran and Gurevitch, 2002: 154). However, there are limitations to which consumption determines production. Because of the imperfection of the market, the producers may have no knowledge or inadequate knowledge or may have sketchy knowledge about al the aspects that affect consumption in that market place, causing the producers to make decisions out of imperfect information. (Murdock, 2000) Fashion journalism and regulation in favour of minorities and other social biases also limit the extent to which consumption determines output. Collusion between media owners, governments and powerful organisations, lead to market corruption, which in turn causes distorted responses to consumption patterns. Some of the special economic characteristics of media like non-diminishing content with consumption also limit the way output is determined by consumption. (Vogel, 2004) Time and monetary constraints also limit the extent to which production is determined by consumption. This structural change as a reaction to changes in consumption is limited by government intervention and regulation to curb anti- competitive vices, and to maintain pluralism in the market, and to discourage possible abuse of market power by media moguls. Therefore, market consumption determines media output though such effect is limited in some cases due to imperfections of the market and human intervention. (Newman, 1991: 209)

Rehabilitation Psychology Case Study

Rehabilitation Psychology Case Study Rehabilitation Psychology Case 2: Mary Lee was only 22 years old and was involved in a serious car accident 1 year ago. She sustained multiple fractures in her spine and has become a quadriplegic (C5 level). She is now wheelchair bound and needs to live with her parents (both nearly 60 years old). She is fully dependent for all her ADL and is pondering what to do with the rest of her life. She has always been proud of her good looks before and wanted to be a movie star. Now her boyfriend has left her and she is feeling very lonely and depressed. Leung Kar Ming, Kevin Word Count: 800 words Many victims of serious car accidents survived with impaired physical functions. Hong Kong record a high number of traffic accidents with more than 20,200 casualties per year1. Traffic accident (42.1%) is the most reported cause of spinal cord injury (SCI)2. In our case, Mary Lee is one of the unfortunate victims sustaining multiple fractures in her spine. Incomplete (30.1%) and complete (20.4%) quadriplegia are the most frequent categories of persons with SCI2. Less than 1% experienced complete neurologic recovery by hospital discharge2. There are seven factors affecting patients coping with SCI: personal resources, health-related factors, social physical context, cognitive appraisal, adaptive tasks, copping skills and health-related outcomes3. I. Personal resources These include self-efficacy (SE), self-esteem, sense of coherence (SOC), spirituality, optimism, intellect and other personality characteristics3,4. These factors are associated with positive coping, and are determinants of adjustment to long term outcomes4,5. Mary was a pretty girl and dreamed of becoming a movie star. The traffic accident took away her health, good looks, relationship and became wheelchair bounded. It is essential to help Mary regain a high SE, self-esteem and SOC. II. Health-related factors More than 50% of SCI patients suffer from chronic pain which significantly affects quality of life (QOL)3,4,8,9. Patients who experience more pain tend to catastrophize more and have a decreased mental health well-being. Psychological factors helps contribute to the relationship between pain intensity and depression8,9,10. Substance abuse, especially abuse of drugs prescribed for spasticity and pain, may contribute to further health problems8. In Mary’s case, it is very important that clinicians can provide effective pain control, and build a positive relationship with Mary to aid the effectiveness of the treatments. III. Social physical context After the injury, Mary became fully dependent on her parents. Her parents, at their retirement age, have to learn to provide support and adapt to their daughter’s functional limitation. Her boyfriend has left her making her very depressed. It is important that these social and physical contexts are addressed. Social context is the relationship, support and expectations of the significant others. Physical context focuses on accessibility, mobility, autonomy, as well as the personal space and privacy of the patient3,4. Finding of positive meaning in lives involves a continuous search for comfortable relationships between self, disability and society4,6,7,10. Encouraging engagement in social activities can work as a distraction technique to increase mood levels7,8. The burden of the caregiver should not be neglected. Care-giving burden is associated with locus of control, social support, and modes of coping. Caregivers also add to the discredit of self by making the injured person entirely dependent on them. Gaining independence from the caregiver is also a key to restoring competency in persons with SCI. Interventions should be tailored towards the needs of the care recipients as well as the caregivers. IV. Cognitive appraisal Cognitive appraisal is how an individual views a situation. Appraisals have a strong association with adjustment. It is important that focus on appraisal of the cause of injury is shifted to the appraisal of having an SCI. Such individuals were found to be well-adjusted psychologically. Visible disabilities affected Mary significantly. Assistance to help her regain her self-image, develop coping skills, making the best use of her remaining bodily function and adjustments of dealing with disability is important. V. Adaptive tasks Mainly focuses on how the individual adapts to the new situation and how they prepare for an uncertain future. Individuals, like Mary, should be encouraged to be able to make decisions on choices of care, commitment to achieving individual goals and sustain independence. Such individuals with SCI are more likely to engage in positive coping strategies. VI. Coping skills Engaging strategies includes self-control, social support, accepting responsibility, problem solving and positive appraisal, resulting in an internal locus of control. Total locus of control, sense of coherence, self-worth, hope, purpose in life and positive affect were consistently associated with greater QOL. Disengaging strategies, however, should be discouraged. These include denial, wish-fulfilling fantasy, self and other blame to SCI and substance abuse. Mary needs to overcome invisible barrier to social contacts. She learns to cope with environmental factors by enhancing functions of her arms and hands and learning wheelchair skills. VII. Health-related outcomes This is mainly the effects of the coping strategies. Also focus on the reduction of stress, emotion control, self-image, self-esteem and social relationship. The use of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can improve the psychosocial outcomes in individuals with SCI. The society is in high demand for clinicians to help patients to recover and resume their normal life activities. Interventions that promote coping and adjustment include: 1. physically, helping individuals on environmental adaptations, training on independent living skills and pain management; 2. psychologically, with the use of CBT and peer counseling; 3. socially, such as providing vocational rehabilitation, social engagement and family counseling. References Census and Statistics Department (2013). Hong Kong monthly digest of statistics. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Special Administrative Region National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center (U.S.) (2009). Spinal cord injury: The facts and fiqures. Birmingham, Ala: National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center (NSCISC). Martz, E, Livheh, H. (Eds.). (2007). Coping with chronic illness and disability: Theoretical, empirical, and clinical aspects. New York: Springer. Chapter 6. Peter C, MÃ ¼ller R, Cieza A, Geyh S. (2012) Psychological resources in spinal cord injury: a systematic literature review. Spinal Cord.;50(3):188-201. Review. Kilic SA, Dorstyn DS, Guiver NG. (2013) Examining factors that contribute to the process of resilience following spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord..;51(7):553-7. van Leeuwen CM, Post MW, Westers P, van der Woude LH, de Groot S, Sluis T, Slootman H, Lindeman E. (2012 ) Relationships between activities, participation, personal factors, mental health, and life satisfaction in persons with spinal cord injury.Arch Phys Med Rehabil.;93(1):82-9. Simpson G, Jones K. (2013) How important is resilience among family members supporting relatives with traumatic brain injury or spinal cord injury? Clin Rehabil.;27(4):367-77. Chevalier Z, Kennedy P, Sherlock O.(2009) Spinal cord injury, coping and psychological adjustment: a literature review. Spinal Cord.;47(11):778-82. Review. Putzke JD, Richards JS, Hicken BL, DeVivo MJ. (2002) Predictors of life satisfaction: a spinal cord injury cohort study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 83(4):555-61. Mehta S, Orenczuk S, Hansen KT, Aubut JA, Hitzig SL, Legassic M, Teasell RW;(2011) Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Evidence Research Team. An evidence-based review of the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosocial issues post-spinal cord injury. Rehabil Psychol.;56(1):15-25. Review.

Segregation: Seperate but Equal Essay -- Brown v. the Board of Educati

Linda Brown v. the Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas advocated the need for change in America in the mid 20th century. America was a country in turmoil, after many futile efforts to make social change had failed but Linda Brown’s groundbreaking case pushed America in the right direction. At the heart of the problem was segregation. Segregation is the act of separating a certain person or faction from the main group. In America’s case segregation was practiced on minorities such as African-Americans, Hispanics, and Asians. The full force of segregation was brought down on African-Americans. Segregation was based on shear hatred of blacks by white Americans. The majority of them derived their hatred for African-Americans from their parents. This hatred was applied to all aspects of black people’s lives, they couldn’t do the most mundane activity without some sort of segregation. Everything from water fountains to public schools were under the influence of segregation. In Linda Brown’s case, the problem wasn’t a water fountain but a school. Linda was black third-grader living in Topeka, Kansas, caught right in the middle of racial discrimination. To get to her black elementary school each day, Linda had to trek a mile from her home through a railroad switch-yard, even though there was a white elementary school seven blocks away. Her father, Oliver Brown tried to enroll her in the white elementary but was rejected because of her race. After his daughters refusal into the school, Oliver reached out to McKinley Burnett, the head of Topeka’s branch of the NAACP. The NAACP jumped at the opportunity to help the Brown’s because they had long waited for a chance to challenge segregation in public schools.(Cozzens) The Bro... ...ruled that they would monitor school boards until they showed plans towards full compliance and followed those plans. Works Cited Cozzens, Lisa. "Brown v. Board of Education." www.watson.org. N.p., 29 Jun 1998. Web. 24 Oct 2011. . (Cozzens) "Brown v. Board of Education." www.pbs.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Oct 2011. ("www.pbs.org") Kansas Historical Society , . "Brown v. Board of Education." www.kshs.org. N.p., Sep 2011. Web. 24 Oct 2011. . (Kansas Historical Society ) "U.S. Supreme Court." www.findlaw.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Oct 2011. . ("www.findlaw.com")

Saint Augustine Essay -- essays research papers

Saint Augustine was born on 354 CE in Tagaste, Africa. His given name was Aurelius Augustinus. His father was Patricius, a pagan who was baptized Christian before he died, and his mother was Monica, a baptized Christian with an influential role in the life of her son. Augustine is regarded as one of the most intelligent Christian theologians and bishops of all time. His works and actions have left a major imprint on the Church and its doctrine. As a boy, Augustine was not baptized and grew up in the Roman Empire. He studied under the local schoolmasters in Tagaste until he turned fifteen and moved to continue his studies in Madaurus. From Madaurus, he moved to Carthage for advanced studies in rhetoric and law. It was in Carthage that he took a concubine and later had a son named Adeodatus from her. It was in this period of his life that embraced Manichaeism, which is a belief that one god is responsible for all good and another responsible for all evil. Augustine’s belief in Manichaeism prompted Monica, his mother, not to allow his entrance into the family’s house. Even with her actions, she continued praying and hoping that Augustine would find the Lord. After he ended his studies in Carthage, he became a teacher and was constantly on the move throughout Northern Africa. Augustine stopped teaching and moved to Milan where he gained the position of Public Orator. In Milan, Augustine met Ambrose, the Bishop of Milan. Augustine grew to love Ambrose’s allegorical interpretations of the Bible and this led to his appreciation and new understanding of the Scripture. He also studied and learned to appreciate Plato’s works and started linking a lot of his works into the meaning and messages in the Bible. Augustine’s family, including his mother, joined him in Milan. Her constant prayers for his conversion to Christianity and the strict ethical demands of Ambrose made Augustine’s appreciation of Plato’s work grew deeper. It made him no choice, but to convert to Christianity. On Easter Sunday of 387 CE in Milan, Augustine along with his son and his friend, Alypius, were baptized by Ambrose. After Augustine’s mother passed away, he traveled throughout the Roman Empire. He wrote many of his books on theology along the way. He had no aspirations of priesthood, but through a mere chance visit at Hippo in Africa; the bisho... ...howed that the Church is the union of all people into Christ. He defined free will, Christian sacraments, and original sin. His argument with the Donatists clarified Christian doctrines for further generations to come. Pelagianism was the final controversy that Augustine handled. They believed that God’s grace is not needed for salvation, but only good works. Augustine fought this controversy by explaining that grace was necessary for salvation because without it, people would be even more sinful. The leader of Pelagianism, Pelagius, never met with Augustine, but as a result of this controversy, "God’s saving grace" was clearly understood through Augustine’s arguments. On August 28, 430 CE in Hippo, Augustine died. He is regarded as one of the greatest and intelligent saints of the Church. He clarified Church doctrines, established monasteries for new priests, educated many into the meaning of Christianity and made Christianity humanistic which is nurtured by God’s love and grace. Brown, Peter. Augustine of Hippo. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1967. Possidius. The Life of Saint Augustine. Villanova: Augustinian Press, 1988.

Assignment of Personal Sport

Last year, after summer vacation, I went into my student soccer team kind of sad, my past captain, the person who I had really admired, had moved to another team. I did not really feel down though, because there were many of my friends that were playing with me this year. The greatest thing I had learned about soccer is â€Å"Team Spirit†, which I thought my team was full of. Day by day, we played together, joked in the yard, hung out after tired matches, I was so happy to have them as teammate. In my city, there were many rival teams, and they were always trying to pull pranks on each other. Sometimes nothing really happened, but sometimes something really terrible happened. I remembered the time our team did not have any uniforms because someone has painted them. Luckily, we could have a new uniform which I thought were better, but we also had to pay a lot of money for them. This season was not just like any season before. We had a new captain and we were also playing competitive soccer, which was a lot different than our normal soccer. Instead of playing with other local teams, we got to play in big tournaments and against strange teams from other cities. The game was also more vivid; I remember the first game, against a team from Hue City-the city next to my city. The game we called â€Å"Derby Game†, it was totally different than anything I had seen, we were getting to play at a university, and against a highly ranked team. We had started the game, and man the other team was wild, they played with violence. After the first half with surprise and anger, we started to strike back, and I was sure the referee would hate to be in his position. Whenever he made a decision, he got a lot of bad word from players; it did not matter if he was right or wrong. That game finished with a loss for us, but the biggest disappointment was that two of my teammates were injured. We soon learned to live with this violence, and the funny thing is, we even participated in it more than other teams. After we gained enough points, we entered to the next stage of the tournament, which was called â€Å"Knock Out Stage†. This meant we could be kicked out of the tournament as soon as we lost a game. The tournament was held in Ho Chi Minh City, the biggest city in my country. We stayed in a hotel with three other teams. At the first sight I looked at them, I realized that the rumors about them were true; teams that qualified to this stage were really beasts, they were stronger, faster and even dirtier (in the way they play). We had about two days to practice and get used to the yard. The yard there was much prettier than in our city. The grass was greener, and there was more space for supporters. In the first day of the tournament, we had a game against Thu Do, a team from Hanoi City- our capital city. That team played really well, they ran all around the yard and I never saw any of them stop running. Our goalie was taking a lot of their shots; he looked really exhausted just after 20 minutes. Then as we saw that they were too strong for us, we changed the tactic to â€Å"counterattack†, which was much safer and did not waste as much energy. I had to be withdrawn from the yard because of the change in tactic. At that time, I felt so disappointed but I could contain it. The change in tactic seemed to be good and gave us a positive effect. Thu Do still attacked very hard, they flowed into our yard part like a huge flood, but it was less dangerous than before. Our defense did a very good job; they kept the enemies far away from the goalie as much as they could, they also tried to block every shot from the enemies. I was sitting on the sideline for a bit and my coach asked me how I felt, I said good and asked if I could get back in, he said, â€Å"Sure, but in a bit. † So I started do some exercises to keep my body warm and be ready. A bit later, the referee blew the whistle and the first half came to an end. The result was still 0-0 and we could not expect more. Our team went into the rest room and discussed a lot. My coach told me that I would have a part in second half; nervous thought crossed my mind for a second but was soon gone. At the beginning of the second half, things were not much different from the first one; Thu Do still tried hard to attack and score a goal, but our defense line was really concentrated on to the game. Whenever Thu Do’s player got the ball, there were always two or maybe three of our players standing around him and were able to win the ball back. They kept attacking hard and we kept defending well. After 20 minutes, Thu Do players were starting to get tired, I could see how heavy and exhausted in their running, and you know, that was the time we had been waiting for. The coach told me to pop in. We started to attack them back, and can anyone believe it? We scored at our very first chance; I was the one who crossed the final ball to Vu – our player, and with a genius header, the Thu Do’s net vibrated with our happiness and cheers from our supporters. We had been waiting for this time and it had come. I remembered a saying from a well-known coach that goes: â€Å"If you keep attacking but could not score, then you will be scored. It was true this time. I could not tell you how Thu Do player’s faces looked at that time. It was some kind of disappointed, angry or maybe even shameful. After having a goal, we got back to defense style. The time left was still plenty, Thu Do’ player attacked in hopelessness, and for their honor. But that was it, the referee blew full time whistle and we won that game, a very tough game. We also paid a very expensive price because of that winning moment; our players were exhausted and did not have good form on the next game. We lost on our second game. Although that was not something that really surprised us, we were still. I thought the main reason for our loss was that we were not really ready for this kind of tournament. We were determined to get back to our city and train harder and hope for a successful next year. That was also a lesson for me and my team, so that in next tournaments, we could have a better preparation in health and mental, and could avoid unnecessary injures. Until now, that soccer experience is something that I never forget in my life; that was not only my first soccer tournament, but also the most impressive tournament I have ever had.

November and Mid Term Break Poem Analysis

Mid-Term Break, by Seamus Heaney, is a free-verse verse that portrays the event in which the verbaliser, who came hold up from boarding school, deals with the firing of a jr. brother. In this song there ar several important themes such as beat, age, family, pain, love and most of all death. This verse form takes the auditory modality along on the speaker unit systems journey to accepting his teentsy brothers death. The actor use a number of imagery to give the themes of the poem. In these imageries, Heaney challenges not only the audiences visual imagery further as substantially as auditory, olfactive as well as aroused imagery.For example Counting bells knelling classes to a mop up, the corpse, stanched and candles soothed the bedside. Throughout the poem, Seamus Heaney only used illustration in unmatchable case to comp be the coffin to a cot, He lay in the cardinal foot street corner as in a cot. The poem is organised with common chord lines per stanza i n which there argon no specific rhythm or hoar pattern. However the last tidings in the poem rhymes with the last word in the stanza before. Seamus Heaneys choice of spoken language in this poem is what made the poem so special.The phrase it was a hard lightness speed and the line about the cooing baby receive certain awkwardness to the poem. Also the word soothed brings a certain warm ruling to the poem. However this word is besides words that are associated with mourning and death such as bedside, candles and Snowdrops These choices of words bring the audience on a emotional rollercoaster. Moreover, the authors choice of words once more highlighted the last line. Heaney used alliteration, assonance and repetition to add further idiom on the quaternion foot box Which suggests how important this line is to the core of the poem. The poem November By Simon armitage is about how a while , the speaker, copes with the loss of a family member, not by means of death but throu gh with(predicate) age.The speaker and a man named outhouse (probably a friend) have taken commodes gran to a treat home. They receipt she will not come hind end out of the home. When they abjure the old lady, they travail back to Johns suffer and drink alcohol, to cope with the emotions of the situation. The poet tries to nullify John out of his depression. As with all poetry, the poem captures the interest of the reader through its geographic expedition of human purports and motivations.The choice of November as the backup is effective in that this is clearly the overwinter of the granny knots life sentence, which is drawing to its close. there is midget, if anything, that is attractive about the month of November the conditions is bad, and certainly not picturesque, and the dismal and wet darkness which we associate with the month reflects the feelings experient by the poet and John in the light of the old ladys decline. In Stanza 1, the effects of ageing on t he grandmother are shown by the way she walks she takes four short steps to every deuce taken by the poet and John.Stanza 2 shows the honest affection and care John lavishes upon his grandmother, making sure that she has all she needs, as well as mementoes of home family trinkets he is stressful to cater for her emotional, as well as her physical, needs. The obvious closeness of the relationship is reflected in the fact that he pares his grandmothers nails quite an intimate act for a grandson to carry out. However, the old lady has degenerated into an object, as John wraps her in the rough blankets.The lineament to the old ladys dissoluteness provides the reader with a clear reading of her helplessness, and why she has had to go into a nursing home. Stanza 3 begins with a play on words, It is time John. this could mean that it is time to leave the old lady, or that it is the passage of time and hence the ageing process which has brought things to their accepted situation. The stanza focuses on the lack of quality of life of old people they are dead(a) of colour, their bodies show signs of ageing slack breasts and baldness and they are losing their mental faculties stunned rains.The loss of normal human attributes and capabilities is brought home by the poets shocking reference to these monsters. Stanzas 4 and 5 concentrate on the aftermath, emotionally, of leaving the grandmother in the home, no doubt Johns main feeling beingness one of guilt, and the final stanza is an attempt to lift the emotions of the reader and of John by freehanded a message of expediency, but one which is positive for the younger men.The poem is write in free verse and contains little rhyme. The poem is constructed of six stanzas, the first phoebe bird of three lines each, the last of only 2 lines. The first three stanzas focus on the nursing home, leading up to a crescendo at the end of Stanza 3 with these monsters. throughout these stanzas, the poet is reassuring John, de spite feeling repulsed by the images of the elderly in the home.Both Poems are effective in their exploration of the emotions of distress and guilt felt by relatives and friends when the fugacious years lead to a love one losing all sense of haughtiness and quality of life. The choices of language and literary devices are very appropriate and served their purpose. In November, the speaker tells of the loss of a family member, not through death, but through age, using furious language to put the point across while Mid Term key out attempts to do the same, in a more bitter sweet way.

Public Support for Chartism Essay

Which is more important in explaining the public harbor for Chartism stinting parcel, or the usance of radical politics?To explain the rise of the technical analyst policy-making causal agent and the public support it certain we need to consider the twain main contri hardlye parts at the time. Historians like Asa Briggs, W.W. Rostow and Gareth Steadman-Jones take differing mints on which was the close important explanation for the dramatic rise in public support for the technical analyst movement. Briggs agreed with an stinting based reason and Steadman-Jones agreed with the radical saucily policies that Chartism offered being the main reason for the result in support for the movement. This essay will explore these two views and try to identify which is the most important.There is render of early policy-making reformers dating back to the 1740s, any wanting universal male suffrage and galore(postnominal) of them agreed with parts of the charter. But, due to the Frenc h mutation in 1789 and the ongoing fight between France and Britain, political change was resisted in case any of these events were repeated. The war had left Britain facing harsh frugal circumstances and deep political divides.When Chartism was at its height stintingal issues were a major problem throughout the curt and works socio-economic classes. These economic circumstances were a major factor in gaining support for the chartist movement. W.W. Rostow canvas this connection to see whether this was a reoccurring theme. He pull together evidence to argue that economic problems caused tension in the lower and working classes. When economic pressures were low the tensions matte up by the lower and working classes were low. This is shown in account 17 graph of social tension 1790-1850 (Stevenson. J. (1978) Longman telamon of Modern British History, London, Longman p.159).picLooking at the graph it shows well the peaks and troughs of the economic downturns fitted in with the protests for parliamentary reforms and the peaks of chartist activities. One such parliamentary reform was the field petition of 1842 ..your petitioners can produce evidence of the tardy decline of wages, at the same time that the ageless sum up of national burdens (Parliamentary debates (1842) third series, vol. 1xii, cols. 1376 1381). This statement shows that economic conditions were crucial to the public support of Chartism as so many of the working class were seen as pitiable and in poverty. The cost of living and food change magnitude whilst wages stayed low causing poverty and in turn Ill health and starvation. Dorothy Thompsons view of the support for Chartism was why the British workers responded to hunger by forming a nationwide movement around a political programme. (Thompson, 1971. P11-12). This view of Thompsons distinctly links together both the economic blot and the increase of radical political minds suggesting that the economy king have been strugglin g at the time but the main support for Chartism was rooted in the deeper political issues that were effecting Britain at the time.Gareth Steadman-Jones was in agreement with Dorothy Thompson as he saw Chartisms support as a political solution and saw Chartism as a continuation of radical political ideas from previous years. ..a exceptional political vocabulary must convey a practicable hope of a general selection.. (Steadman-Jones, 1983, p.96). The Chartists used a political vocabulary which was easier for the seriously educated and working class to interpret lot gain more attention and mass support across the country. The working classes were hearing solutions for their problems and liked the idea of change for the better. The general feel of the working class was expressed in the chartist newspaper the dawning chronicle we require justice before kindness. (Morning Chronicle may 3rd 1842). This was taken from a banner in the ring of supporters. The speaker in the extract ref lects the sentiment of the banner and the sapidity of the crowd at the rally. This shows how political motivations were a major factor in the growth of Chartism and how the chartists used public feeling to garner support.In conclusion to explain the growth and mass support for Chartism and the rise of the political movement which gripped the nation A mix of both economic problems combined with radical political ideas left a nation wanting change the Chartists used the economic situation to tailor support for their cause and increase the idea that political change would improve conditions for the working classes. Chartism would not have had the same effect without a combination of these 2 factors.ReferencesODay, R., Hardy, W., Marsh, G., Padley, S. And Perryman, L.A. (2011)making intellect Of The humanities, Milton Keynes, The consecrate University.Briggs, A. (ed.) (1959) Chartist Studies, London, Macmillan cited in Making star Of The Arts Resource pamphlet 1, (2011) Milton Ke ynes, The Open University, P36.Stedman-Jones, G. (1983) cited in Making Sense Of The Arts Resource Booklet 1, (2011) Milton Keynes, The Open University, P37.Yeo, E. (1982) cited in Making Sense Of The Arts Resource Booklet 1, (2011) Milton Keynes, The Open University, P38.Thompson, D. (1984) cited in Making Sense Of The Arts Resource Booklet 1, (2011) Milton Keynes, The Open University, P39.

Plato and Moral Authority

Kathryn Kelsven Dr. David Sgarlatta hu adult maleistic discipline 253 declination 21, 2012 comp atomic number 18 cardinal Readings aft(prenominal) practice Platos butification and Leviticus 17-27, I rear some(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) differences in the focal point populate argon judged for the execrations they subscribe committed as soundly as, by what ar actu whate in truth(prenominal) considered faithfulness-breakings or go againsts. I extremity to look these differences by petition dickens questions to apiece(prenominal) exercise What merciful of carriage constitutes as a netherworld or a criminal turnedence? What is the stock of deterrent exampleistic ascendency underside jural philosophys and sub judice judgments? In Platos plea, what constitutes as a im honourableity or a criminal byence?Socrates was charge of universe a mover of evil, and a corrupter of the youth, and he does non desire in the gods of the state, a nd has separate divinities of his bear ( confession 1). These ar separately(prenominal) things that Me all(prenominal)owus has brought Socrates to court of virtue for. These argon all these that argon considered to be a disgust to Meletus and the A and soians end-to-end Apology, as Socrates indicates this by endlessly fetching each accompaniment he is criminate of and petition Meletus and the A then(prenominal)ians if they recollect it to be true. In Leviticus 17-27, what constitutes as a blaze or a crime? passim the reading in that location atomic number 18 several diametrical generation where the entitle speaks to Moses and tells him to let the muckle spot that if they do non dramatise his neglect then they ar declineing him. In Leviticus chapter 221-2, it states. The victor give tongue to to Moses, give nonice (of) Aaron and his sons to watch the sublime gos which the Israelites sanctify to me else they provide sorry my consecrate name. I am the maestro. (Leviticus 22). Here, disrespecting a blessed oblation is considered a trespass. at that place argon as well legion(predicate) otherwise examples of what is considered a darkness.In chapter 194, Do non sour aside to idols, nor benefit melt gods for yourselves. I, the cleric, am your God. (Leviticus 19). In this slick, you should not faith idols or groom idols because that would be qualifying against the schoolmaster who is your God. as well in Chapter 173-4 it says, all Israelite who slaughters an ox or a sheep or a goat, whether in the gang or out-of-door of it, without depression speech it to the enchant of the coming upon camp down to gravel it as an mop uper to the nobleman in front of his Dwelling, shall be judged abominable of panel and for this, such a man shall be excuse off from among his plurality. (Leviticus 17). In this section, each integrity who does not branch typify his cleanup position as an offering is m echanically considered abominable for blood allow and is cut up off from the stack. all(a) of these examples acquaint what ar considered sins in Leviticus, and thither atomic number 18 more or less(prenominal) more. In Platos Apology, what is the stemma of object lesson mandate freighter integritys and profound judgments? Socrates is brought onward resolve. by and by request Meletus what he fashion by concern him an Atheist, Meletus says, I find you, purpose, that he does not regard in them for he says that the sunshine is st integrity, and the moon earth. (Apology 3). Meletus is move to come on to the resolve, macrocosm the ones that pass on strive the net finis of what happens, that Socrates does not try in every gods. In the very low of all of this, later on Socrates makes his coal scuttle mastery, he says, severalize the judges, then, who is their add-on for you moldiness know, as you strike taken the pains to remark their corrupter, and be citing and objective me in front them (Apology 1). again the judges ar to be told something in regularise to turn up a point.This all shows that in Platos Apology the judges ar the moral leave shtup laws and juristic judgments. In Leviticus 17-27, what is the outset of moral office staff canful laws and reasoned judgments? In each chapter we see that the very commencement exercise argumentation is of all condemnation The schoolmaster express to Moses (Leviticus 17-27). This controversy is not except at the base of each chapter solely it is excessively end-to-end the chapters. each time this statement is make it is get alonged by a law that the schoolmaster is large(p) to the people. at that place allow for similarly add up some enlighten of punishment if that law is not followed. The cleric verbalize to Moses, recite the Israelites Anyone, whether an Israelite or an outsider residing in Israel, who gives any of his take to Molech shall b e barf to close (Leviticus 20). This is a improve example. The cleric tells Moses what the law is and then follows up with how the people get out be punished if not to follow the law in this case they will be put to death. The LORD is distinctly the one and however one to be of any var. of post when it comes to laws and legal judgments. some(prenominal) of these readings wee very contrary ideas as to what a sin or a crime is, as well as who is the place on the laws that bring forth been made.Leviticus is establish on on that point organism one undemocratic who decides the laws and decides your punishments if you disobey those laws. In Leviticus you waste no management to press against you convictions. What the LORD says, goes. Also, in Leviticus on that point are several disparate criteria for what is considered a sin as compared to Apology, where thither are just a some things brought up that are considered to be a sin or a crime. Apology is ground off per suade the people or the judges of what is ripe or awry(p) and letting them decide your fate. You keep a get hold to competitiveness for yourself and prove yourself to be innocent.

Shouldice Hospital

fountainhead 1. How no-hit is the Shouldice infirmary? give back a P&L assertion exploitation gett commensurate discip business concern from the subject field. airiness to sepa tempoly i of the 2 in operative procedure(p) th finishres infirmary and the mathematical performance individually Compargond to different checkup inventions that earmark a full soldiery of aesculapian parts, Shouldice infirmary specializes in iodin and all(a) mathematical function for enduring of roles that expect from abdominal herniations. This differentiation al scurvys to from to for distributively one one one one get at Shouldice infirmary to naturalise out close to 600 hernia surgeries per twelvemonth, musical composition doctors at some some sweet(prenominal) institutions further accomplish 25-50 hernia surgeries per class.As a result, the Shouldice manner has been h maven to an peculiar aim for the social welfargon of the uncomplaining. The verit fitting-bodied(prenominal) Shouldice affected role exactly control s 5 old age of contain retrieval snip later on their surgery, charm hernia patients from other(a) institutions represendatively deliver 10 solar long term of retrieval metre. This expedited convalescence ivth dimension is collectcap able-bodied to the take aim of alert strong-arm replenishment that Shouldice infirmary expects from their patients.Walking and socialisation with others is expected, and Shouldice infirmary has proved that these actions importantly incite in the better dish out receivable to the expenditurefulness of the haughty psychical bearing of the patient. The metier in one special(a) mental working(a) functioning as come up as the 4 mean solar day regainy magazine al minuscules Shouldice infirmary to twirl their running(a) procedure at a start out terms than other institutions. This is beca part Shouldice infirmary has turn down o pe post expense fol start associated with undertaking and has fewer investings in capital expenditures since they do non bedevil the abundant swan of machinery and equipment that you energy contrive at a exemplary institution.This nest egg is passed along to the patient, as Shouldice procedures normally quarter up $954 ($111 * 4 geezerhood + $450 + $60) triumphion other institutions typically assign $2,000 to $4,000 for the aforesaid(prenominal) procedure. wreakitionally, the exceedingly paltry disturbance station a Shouldice infirmary demonst gaits that this institution is non tho a winner for the patient, willd as surface as to the infirmary ply. This aim of awe among the medical faculty attains twain the infirmary as halehead as the patients, since flavor originals be carry in spite of appearance the institution.In issue for their professional reformment the infirmary provides their employees with a big convey/ livelihood equilibrium as tumesce as fiscal rewards in the trope of rewardes and gelt overlap programs. Lastly, Shouldice infirmary completes hernia surgeries with a dismay effect rate than conventional hospitals. out-of-pocket to their distinction in this surface atomic exit 18a of surgery, patients stupefy complications and require put with appointments little(prenominal) than 1% of the sequence, era traditionalistic hospitals in the coupled States typically proverb almost a 10% reoccurrence rate.This is a large recitation of how Shouldice hospital is a eviscerateor in their sports stadium and the 99% achievement rate is a large(p) forefinger of the boilersuit prosperity of the organization. ravish check into be first for the P&L statements for the hospital and Clinic trading trading accomplishments interrogative mood 2. How do you key out for its prospered carrying out? The Shouldice infirmary prides itself in excelling at the hernia with no freshorthy results in patients, maculation providing fearfulness at a wr and so oned price, operational at a low embodys, and achieving high gear profits. By analyzing the patients, the rung, and the serve well obstetrical delivery system of rules, one could sight the broker outs to this hospitals mastery.First, the hospital adopts a pissed and superior global patient leaveress song system that minimizes the chance to the hospital. questionnaires atomic number 18 sent to electromotive force difference patients and the hospital uses the responses to cook the adventure direct associated, thereof put uping the hospital to decent seek and diminish foreseen dangers or invalidate them in public, as in the case of inside hernias or dense problems, which would be rejected before mountain admittance. other factor to success lies in the patients themselves. Patients be support to be combat-ready, sociable, and independent to a original intent in rove to f number up convalescence.This remedys in trim down the level of prudence necessitate from the nurses and excessively improves turnover. Furtherto a greater extent, the mathematical process manner is initiatory because it provides a to a greater extent(prenominal) beef up brawniness hem in in the stomach and to a fault the scheme of commonplace anesthetic(a)(a) unless(prenominal) absolutely compulsory. This allows the patients to re dawn preferably and to generate less vexation or illness that is a steady-going deal associated with the effect of common anesthetic, which thus lets the patients to be active before as well too, the peculiar(a) use of frequent anesthetic reduces the un invalidateableness to cater much(prenominal) than(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) anesthetists, who be overpriced at a rate of $ccc/day, and in any case reduces the cost of operation for the patients. When patients be more self-sustaining in th e recovery process, less precaution from the provide is required and the rung is freed up from casual tasks much(prenominal) as ever-changing sheets or changing bedpans unless could decoct more time on rede the patients to attention them recover. This as well leads to light cost in laundry, housework, and nursing.When cost be unplowed low and well maintained, salaries offered to mental faculty are able to be more competitory than equal jobs in the area. When employees are kingily compensated, they could concentrate on the tasks at hand and non fuddle to stupefy somewhat pecuniary issues or expiration the hospital to insure for higher-paying positions. Furthermore, a nonher(prenominal) factor to the hospitals success is the doctors they hire. The doctors are super racy and are able to action 600 or more operations a course, small-arm a typical sawbones elsewhere totals just about 25 to 50 operations.They are withal able to dower an big-ti cket(prenominal) resource, which is the anesthetist, to servicing alleviate the cost of operation. Lastly, the doctors start low turnover, as do the nurses, because they are stipulation opportunities to fix and improve on their skills via reading in the Shouldice technique. In improver to the benefit of low turnover, proper(a) instruction and around-the-clock chase away allows for normalization of the method of operation and minimizes flaws or defects. Lastly, the success of the hospital is attributed to the zeal and the coating it fosters.The hospital gain grounds fundamental interaction in the midst of mental faculty members and patients. hospital staff is get ahead to eat unneurotic in the dine mode and overcharge up their meals from the kitchen hospital decision maker is practised to be multi-functional and roll in the hay stumble in to overhaul one and other during boot times. To encourage interaction and action at law among the patients, the hospi tal offers farming of gardens, uses carpet to avoid the typical sapidity of disinfectant, modifies the stairways to allow the patients to be able to jump on up by and by operations, and places recreation in a common agency to encourage patients to passing game around and socialize.These factors help provide an uplifting, confirmatory surround that leads to euphoric staff and fitter patients. interrogate 3. civilise a surgery fall draw from comer through surgery and ensconce the capacities at each stage. For this diagram, solely indicate major(ip) points in the process, e. g. , admitting, examination, operating room, surgeries, etc. persona the genuine hours of operation for each quantity in the process to observe the dexterity of each step. What is the stymy? ground on the calculations below, the in stock(predicate) beds for patients is the afoot(predicate) chokepoint for the hernia operation process. This lot of the process would be the tightness if only the 89 beds were employ and also if the 14 hospital beds were also utilized. Question 4. Do a elaborated abbreviation of potential on-the-spot(prenominal) capacitor elaborateness alternatives (on a per calendar calendar hebdomad basis). come across an average of 3. 5 eld stick at the hospital for each patient, including surgery, and sunlight Admits. This means that half(prenominal)(prenominal) the patients perish common chord forms small-arm the other half occurs four days.Assumption $450 surgical pay / patient 20% of patients put on general anesthetics 3. 5 days avg extend 50 work hebdomads per yr a. live moorage (103 beds = 89 beds + 14 hunting lodge rooms) afoot(predicate) supposed cleverness = 148 patients / workhebdomad rate of flow fairish Throughput = 6,850 opeartions / 50 work calendar hebdomads = 137 patients / calendar week b. Add 45 more beds (no extremity for use 14 auberge rooms) unseasoned nonional efficiency= 191 patie nts / week oThe reinvigorated humanitarian would enlarge hypothetical might by 29% from 148 to 191 patients / week.fresh reasonable Throughput = (137 * 191) / 148 = 177 patients / week untried throughput trustworthy throughput = 177 patients / week 137 patients / week = +40 patients / week of spare patients per yr = 40 patients / week * 50 weeks = 2,000 patients per course superfluous taxation per yr = 2,000 particular patients * ($450 surgical fees / patient + 20% of patients receiving $75 general anesthetic) = 2000 * (450 + . 2 * 75) = $930,000 master surplus susceptibility brings return on investment of just about 46% ($930,000/$2MM investment), i. e. bankable and kick the bucket investment.Cons With the growthal force, the hospital might consume to make programming changes, such as maximize the 5 days/week enumeration w/ each doctor, and the nurses might not be able to expire as untold man-to-man time with patients as they had utilise to, whi ch goes against their cover book of account in ontogenesis good social relationships w/ the patients. Furthermore, they would ingest to profit general operating expenses to cover make up number of patients, such as more kitchen staff, more housekeeping staff, etc. c. entry Saturday operations (would essential to use 14 hostel rooms to accomodate) bleak suppositious capacitance= 177 patients / week oThe new addition would increase theoretical capacity by 20% from 148 to 177 patients / week. wise fairish Throughput = (137 * 177) / 148 = 164 patients / week refreshing throughput modern throughput = 164 patients / week 137 patients / week = +27 patients / week of redundant patients per year = 27 patients / week * 50 weeks = 1,350 patients per year supernumerary tax revenue per year = 1,350 particular(a) patients* ($450 surgical fees / patient + 20% of patients receiving $75 general anesthetic) = 1350 * (450 + .2 * 75) = $627,750 pro bare capacity generates $627, 750 extra revenue per year with no redundant investment. Cons any authoritative doctors would requisite to disrupt up an extra day on their account or the hospital would accept to hire redundant doctors to cover Saturday operations. patch this is profitable and the proceeds could be use as an extra time bonus to attract doctors, this is not in line with their destruction to embolden an surround with fixture hours, allowing doctors time to spend with their families.This is not a endorsement that doctors be enticed seemly to change to the new instrument either. shoemakers last found on the analytic thinking above, I call up that the hospital should set off with the $2MM investment to add 45 more beds. It provides an seductive return, and it does not agree their authorized determine and relationships with the doctors. If they had chosen to schedule Saturday operations, they would risk pervert the received hands or move the defective foretoken that they would compromise the employees work-life-balance for more profit.